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A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service

Year 2011, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 86 - 91, 30.03.2011

Abstract

Wood presevatives such as creosote, pentaclorophenol (PCP) and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) have been widely used over the years in order to extend wood products’ service life. CCA was known as most widely used wood preservative chemical in residendial and commercial applications world wide until 2004 volanteered phase out of the chemical from residential use bye the major manufacturers. Over the years CCA treated wood acuumulated in service reaching millions of cubic meters. But there is growing concern about the environmental impacts and increasing difficulty in disposing of treated wood products in many countries. Since disposal of CCA treated wood material poses greater problems than the other treated wood products due to heavy and toxic metal componets of CCA such as chromium and arsenic Traditional disposal methods like landfillig or incineration, both have negative environmental consequences. For that reason the increasing volume of CCA-treated wood products coming out of service requires alternative disposal methods and recycling techniques never tried before. The main purpose of this study, except for traditional methods like landfilling and incineration, is to evaluate the current alternative disposal and recycling methods for CCA treated wood removed from service.

References

  • Acgih. 1991. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. American Conferance of Governmental Industrial Hygenists, Cincinnati, OH.
  • Anonim, 2010. Kişisel görüşme. Türkiye Elektrik Dağıtım Anonim Şirketi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Bozkurt, Y.A., Göker, Y., Erdin, N., 1993. Emprenye Tekniği. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları. İ.Ü. yayın no: 3779, O.F. yayın no: 425.
  • Bozkurt, A.Y., Erdin, N. ve Ünligül, H. 1995. Odun Patolojisi Ders Kitabı, İ.Ü. Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Clausen, C.A., Smith, R.L., 1998. Removal of CCA fromTreated Wood by Oxalic Acid Extraction, Steam Explosion and Bacterial Fermentation. Journal of Industrial Microbiology. (20):251-257.
  • Clausen, C.A., 2000a. Isolating Metal Tolerant Bacteria Capable of Removing Copper, Chromium and Arsenic from Treated Wood. Waste Management Research. (18):264-268.
  • Clausen, C.A., 2000b. CCA Removal from Treated Remediation Management Research. (18):485-488. Waste
  • Clausen, C.A., 2003. Reusing Remediated CCA Treated Wood. Microbiologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory, Special Seminar, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • Cooper, P.A., 1993. Disposal of Treated Wood Removed From Service: The issues. In: Environmental Considerations in the Manufacture, Use and Disposal of Preservative Treated Wood. Proc. 7323. Forest Product Society, Madison, WI. 85-90.
  • Felton, C.C., De Groot, R.C., 1996. The Recycling Potential of Preservative Treated Wood. Forest Product Journal, 46 (7/8) : 37-46.
  • Helsen, L., Van den Bulck, F., 1998. The microdistribution of copper, chromium and arsenic in CCA treated wood and its pyrolysis dispersive x-ray analysis in scanning electron microscopy. Holzforschung. (52): 607-614. using energy
  • Kamdem, D.P., Ma, W., Zhang, J.,Zyskowski, J., 1998. Recovery of Copper, Chromium and Arsenic from old CCA Treated Commodities. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Kartal, S.N., 2002. Effect of EDTA on Removal of CCA from Treated Wood. IRG/WP 02- 50182. International Research Group on Wood Sweden. Stockholm,
  • Li, W., Shupe, T.F., Hse, C.Y., 2004. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Flakeboard Produced from Recycled CCA Treated Wood. Forest Product Journal. 54(2): 89-94.
  • Mengeloğlu, F., Gardner, D.J., 2000. Recycled CCA Treated Lumber in Flakeboards: Evaluation of Adhesives and Flakes. Forest Product Journal. 50(2): 41-45.
  • Munson, J.M., Kamdem, D.P., 1998. Reconstituted Particleboards from CCA Treated Red Pine Utility Poles. Forest Product Journal. 48(3): 55-62.
  • OSHA. 1989. Air Contaminants-permissible Exposure Limits. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC.
  • Örs, Y., Keskin, H., 2001. Ağaç Malzeme Teknolojisi. Atlas Yayın Dağıtım. İstanbul.
  • ROWELL, R.M. 1990. Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Fiber to Produce High
  • Performance Composites, Agricultural and Synthetic and Utilization, ACS Symposium series 433. American Chemical Society 19th National Meeting, 1989 Nisan 9-14, Dallas, TX. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, Chapter 21.
  • Rowell, R.M. 2001. Performance Driven Composites Resources, Lignocellulosic
  • International Conference on Sciencie and Technology of Composite Materials, 29- 32.
  • Şen, S., Yalçın, K., 2009. Hizmet Ömrünü Tamamlamış Malzemenin Çevresel Tehditleri ve Geri Dönüşüm Prosesleri. Düzce Üniversitesi Ormancılık Dergisi, (5): 91-106. Ağaç
  • Electron Microscopic Study. Wood and
  • Fiber Science. Cilt. 24(1):36-46.

Hizmet Ömrünü Doldurmuş Emprenyeli Ağaç Malzemenin Geri Dönüşüm Yöntemleri Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2011, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 86 - 91, 30.03.2011

Abstract

Ağaç malzemenin kullanım ömrünü uzatmak için kreozot, pentaklorfenol (PCP), bakır krom arsenik (CCA) gibi odun koruyucu kimyasallar uzun zamandır kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle ticari uygulamalarda en çok CCA tercih edilmektedir. CCA’nın formülasyonu 1933 yılında bulunmuştur ve bu tarihten sonra birçok ticari üründe kullanılmıştır. Fakat bir süre sonra bu kimyasalla emprenye edilen ağaç malzemenin birçok ülkede çevreye olan olumsuz etkisinden ve yok edilmedeki güçlüklerinden dolayı kullanımına sınırlama getirilmiştir. Çünkü CCA ile emprenye edilmiş ağaç malzemenin kullanım ömrünü doldurduktan sonra bertaraf edilme sorunu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Buna rağmen CCA ile işlem görmüş malzeme halen köprülerde, karayollarında, iletişim hatlarında kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Geleneksel bertaraf edilme metotlarından toprağa gömme ve yakma oldukça önemli çevre problemleri oluşturmaktadır. Tüm bunların sonucu olarak kullanım ömrünü doldurmuş emprenyeli ahşap malzemenin artışı ile bu malzemenin bertaraf edilmesi ya da yeniden kullanılmasına yönelik farklı metotlar geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada kullanım ömrünü doldurmuş emprenyeli ağaç malzemenin geleneksel yöntemler dışında geri dönüşümü için kullanılan alternatif metotların değerlendirilmesi ve tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır

References

  • Acgih. 1991. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. American Conferance of Governmental Industrial Hygenists, Cincinnati, OH.
  • Anonim, 2010. Kişisel görüşme. Türkiye Elektrik Dağıtım Anonim Şirketi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Bozkurt, Y.A., Göker, Y., Erdin, N., 1993. Emprenye Tekniği. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları. İ.Ü. yayın no: 3779, O.F. yayın no: 425.
  • Bozkurt, A.Y., Erdin, N. ve Ünligül, H. 1995. Odun Patolojisi Ders Kitabı, İ.Ü. Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Clausen, C.A., Smith, R.L., 1998. Removal of CCA fromTreated Wood by Oxalic Acid Extraction, Steam Explosion and Bacterial Fermentation. Journal of Industrial Microbiology. (20):251-257.
  • Clausen, C.A., 2000a. Isolating Metal Tolerant Bacteria Capable of Removing Copper, Chromium and Arsenic from Treated Wood. Waste Management Research. (18):264-268.
  • Clausen, C.A., 2000b. CCA Removal from Treated Remediation Management Research. (18):485-488. Waste
  • Clausen, C.A., 2003. Reusing Remediated CCA Treated Wood. Microbiologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory, Special Seminar, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • Cooper, P.A., 1993. Disposal of Treated Wood Removed From Service: The issues. In: Environmental Considerations in the Manufacture, Use and Disposal of Preservative Treated Wood. Proc. 7323. Forest Product Society, Madison, WI. 85-90.
  • Felton, C.C., De Groot, R.C., 1996. The Recycling Potential of Preservative Treated Wood. Forest Product Journal, 46 (7/8) : 37-46.
  • Helsen, L., Van den Bulck, F., 1998. The microdistribution of copper, chromium and arsenic in CCA treated wood and its pyrolysis dispersive x-ray analysis in scanning electron microscopy. Holzforschung. (52): 607-614. using energy
  • Kamdem, D.P., Ma, W., Zhang, J.,Zyskowski, J., 1998. Recovery of Copper, Chromium and Arsenic from old CCA Treated Commodities. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Kartal, S.N., 2002. Effect of EDTA on Removal of CCA from Treated Wood. IRG/WP 02- 50182. International Research Group on Wood Sweden. Stockholm,
  • Li, W., Shupe, T.F., Hse, C.Y., 2004. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Flakeboard Produced from Recycled CCA Treated Wood. Forest Product Journal. 54(2): 89-94.
  • Mengeloğlu, F., Gardner, D.J., 2000. Recycled CCA Treated Lumber in Flakeboards: Evaluation of Adhesives and Flakes. Forest Product Journal. 50(2): 41-45.
  • Munson, J.M., Kamdem, D.P., 1998. Reconstituted Particleboards from CCA Treated Red Pine Utility Poles. Forest Product Journal. 48(3): 55-62.
  • OSHA. 1989. Air Contaminants-permissible Exposure Limits. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC.
  • Örs, Y., Keskin, H., 2001. Ağaç Malzeme Teknolojisi. Atlas Yayın Dağıtım. İstanbul.
  • ROWELL, R.M. 1990. Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Fiber to Produce High
  • Performance Composites, Agricultural and Synthetic and Utilization, ACS Symposium series 433. American Chemical Society 19th National Meeting, 1989 Nisan 9-14, Dallas, TX. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, Chapter 21.
  • Rowell, R.M. 2001. Performance Driven Composites Resources, Lignocellulosic
  • International Conference on Sciencie and Technology of Composite Materials, 29- 32.
  • Şen, S., Yalçın, K., 2009. Hizmet Ömrünü Tamamlamış Malzemenin Çevresel Tehditleri ve Geri Dönüşüm Prosesleri. Düzce Üniversitesi Ormancılık Dergisi, (5): 91-106. Ağaç
  • Electron Microscopic Study. Wood and
  • Fiber Science. Cilt. 24(1):36-46.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Review
Authors

Cihat Taşçıoğlu

Mürşit Tufan

Publication Date March 30, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Taşçıoğlu, C., & Tufan, M. (2011). A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 86-91.
AMA Taşçıoğlu C, Tufan M. A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service. ACUJFF. June 2011;12(1):86-91.
Chicago Taşçıoğlu, Cihat, and Mürşit Tufan. “A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 12, no. 1 (June 2011): 86-91.
EndNote Taşçıoğlu C, Tufan M (June 1, 2011) A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 12 1 86–91.
IEEE C. Taşçıoğlu and M. Tufan, “A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service”, ACUJFF, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 86–91, 2011.
ISNAD Taşçıoğlu, Cihat - Tufan, Mürşit. “A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 12/1 (June 2011), 86-91.
JAMA Taşçıoğlu C, Tufan M. A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service. ACUJFF. 2011;12:86–91.
MLA Taşçıoğlu, Cihat and Mürşit Tufan. “A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 1, 2011, pp. 86-91.
Vancouver Taşçıoğlu C, Tufan M. A General Evaluation for Recycling Process of Impregnated Wood Removed From the Service. ACUJFF. 2011;12(1):86-91.
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