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CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY

Year 2008, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 101 - 106, 20.03.2011

Abstract

Climate change has been getting more attention from scientific community recently. Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey will get significant influences from the climate change according to regional climate model (RegCM3). Oriental spruce (Picea orientalis L.) is an important tree species of Turkey and it only grows in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. With the increase in global warming, spruce forests started to have serious bark beetle problems. More than 200 000 trees died in the region recently due to bark beetle attack. We used existing literature related to oriental spruce and future climate of the region and field observations done in the different times to assess current status of the spruce stands. Future climate of the region has been predicted using RegCM3 regional climate model. Climate change could significantly influence distribution, diversity, structure and stability of the oriental spruce ecosystems. According to RegCM3 regional climate model, the temperatures will increase 2-4 °C in the region in the next century. Future climate scenarios predict 200-300 mm increases in precipitation in the eastern part of the region while the western part won't have any increase in precipitation in the next century. Temperature increases in the western part of the region can cause more stress on spruce trees and would probably increase bark beetle attacks. Also, fire could become an important threat in the western part of the region. It is possible to observe 400-800 m upward shift in the spruce belt in the western part. Treeline of spruce stands would probably move upward both in western and eastern part of the North-eastern Blacksea Region.

References

  • Anonymous, 2001. Oriental spruce handbook (in Turkish). Orm. Araştırma Ens. Yayınları, Yayın No: 58. Bahçelievler. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 2006. Forest resources of Turkey (in Turkish) Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müd. Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 2007. UNDP Turkey Report. Climate Change & Turkey: Impacts, Sectoral Analyses, Socio-Economic Dimensions. UNDP Türkiye Bürosu yayınları. Ankara.
  • Asan, Ü., 1995. Climate change and carbon sequestration in forests in Turkey (in Turkish). İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi. İstanbul. Cilt:45, sayı:1-2: 23-37.
  • Barber, V.A., Juday, G.P., Finney, B.P., 2000. Reduced growth of Alaskan white spruce in the twentieth century from temperature induced drought stress. Nature 405: 668– 673.
  • Barber, V.A., Juday, G.P., Finney, B.P., Wilmking, M., 2004. Reconstruction of summer temperatures in interior Alaska from tree-ring proxies: evidence for changing synoptic climate regimes. Climatic Change 63 (1–2), 30.
  • Berg, E.E., Henry, J.D., Fastie, C.L., De Volder, A.D., Matsuoka, S.M., 2006. Spruce beetle outbreaks on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and Kluane National Park and Reserve, Yukon Territory: relationship to summer temperatures and regional differences in disturbance regimes. Forest Ecology and Management 227 (3): 219– 232.
  • Dalfes, N., Karaca M. and Şen, Ö.L. 2007. Climate change scenarios for Turkey. In: Climate Change & Turkey: Impacts, Sectoral Analyses, Socio-Economic Dimensions (Edt. Ç. Güven). Publications of UNDP Turkey Branch, Ankara.
  • Heurich, M., Reinelt, A., Fahse, L., 2001. Die Buchdruckermassenvermehrung im Nationalpark BayerischerWald. In: Heurich, M., (Ed.), Waldentwicklung im Bergwald nach Windwurf und Borkenka¨ferbefall. Bayer. Staatsforstverwaltung Wiss. Reihe, Grafenau, vol. 14, 9–48.
  • Goudie, A., 1993. The Nature of The Environment, University of Oxford, s.227-230.
  • IPCC, 2007. IPCC WGI Fourth Assessment Report. Switzerland.
  • Kılınç, M. ve H.G. Kutbay.2004. Plant Ecology (in Turkish). Palme Yayıncılık, No: 275. Ankara.
  • Kimmins, J.P. 1997. Forest Ecology. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
  • Lloyd, A.H., Fastie, C.L., 2002. Spatial and temporal variability in the growth and climate response of treeline trees in Alaska. Climatic Change 52 (4), 29.
  • Nusslein, S., Faisst, G., Weissbacher, A., Moritz, K., Zimmermann, L., Bittersol, J., Kennel, M., Troycke, A., Adler, H., 2000. Zur Waldentwicklung im Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald 1999.Bayerische Landesanstalt fu¨r Wald und Forstwirtschaft, Freising, vol. 25.
  • Perry, D.A. 1994. Forest Ecosystems. Jhon Hopkins University Press, MA, U.S.A.
  • Soja, A..J., N.M. Tchebakova, N.H.F. French, M.D. Flannigan, H.H. Shugart, B.J. Stocks, A.I. Sukhinin, E.I. Parfenova, F.S. Chapin, P.W. Stackhouse. Climate-induced boreal forest change: Predictions versus current observations. Global and Planetary Change 56 (2007) 274–296.
  • Tüfekçioğlu, A., Kalay, H.Z., Küçük, M. Kahriman, A ve Özbayram, A.K. 2005. Bark beetle caused tree mortalities in Artvin-Hatilla National Park and influence of ecological factors (in Turkish). I. Çevre ve Ormancılık Şurası, s. 1430-1438, Antalya.
  • Tüfekçioğlu, A. 2008. Climate change influence on oriental spruce ecosystems in Turkey (in Turkish). IV. Atmosfer Bilimleri Sempozyumu, 25-28 Mart, 2008. p. 399-407. İstanbul.
  • Weisbacher, B. 2004. Ecology and management of the spruce bark beetle: Ips typographus—a review of recent research. Forest Ecology and Management 202: 67–82.

DOĞU KARADENİZ BÖLGESİ’NDE İKLİM DEĞİŞİMİ VE DOĞU LADİNİ (PICEA ORIENTALIS) EKOSİSTEMLERİ

Year 2008, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 101 - 106, 20.03.2011

Abstract

İklim değişimi son zamanlarda bilim insanlarının dikkatini önemli ölçüde
üzerine çekmektedir. Bölgesel İklim Modeline (RegCM3) göre Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi
iklim değişiminden önemli ölçüde etkilenecektir. Doğu ladini ülkemizin önemli bir orman
ağacı olup sadece Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde yayılış göstermektedir. Küresel ısınmanın
artması ile doğu ladini ormanları önemli düzeyde kabuk böceği problemi ile karşı karşıya
kalmışlardır. Bölgede 200.000 den fazla ladin ağacı kabuk böceklerinin zararından
kurumuştur. Bu çalışmada mevcut literatürlerin ve arazi gözlemlerinin ışığında, iklim
değişiminin ladin ormanlarına etkisi irdelenmiştir. Bölgenin gelecekteki iklimi RegCM3
modeli kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. İklim değişimi, ladin ekosistemlerinin çeşitlilik, yapı
ve stabilitesini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilecektir. RegCM3 modeline göre bölgenin
sıcaklıkları 2-4 °C artabilecektir. Ayrıca Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinin batı kısmında yağış
artışı beklenmezken, doğu kısmında (Rize ve Artvin) 200-300 mm yağış artışı tahmin
edilmektedir. Bölgenin batısındaki sıcaklık artışı ladin ekosistemlerinin daha fazla strese
maruz kalmasına neden olacak ve kabuk böceği salgınlarını artırabilecektir. Ayrıca,
bölgenin batısındaki ladin ekosistemlerinde yangın önemli bir problem olabilecektir. Bölgenin batısında ladin kuşağı muhtemelen 400-800 m yukarı kayacaktır. Ağaç sınır
Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinin hem batı hem de doğusunda muhtemelen yukarı yöne
kayacaktır

References

  • Anonymous, 2001. Oriental spruce handbook (in Turkish). Orm. Araştırma Ens. Yayınları, Yayın No: 58. Bahçelievler. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 2006. Forest resources of Turkey (in Turkish) Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müd. Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 2007. UNDP Turkey Report. Climate Change & Turkey: Impacts, Sectoral Analyses, Socio-Economic Dimensions. UNDP Türkiye Bürosu yayınları. Ankara.
  • Asan, Ü., 1995. Climate change and carbon sequestration in forests in Turkey (in Turkish). İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi. İstanbul. Cilt:45, sayı:1-2: 23-37.
  • Barber, V.A., Juday, G.P., Finney, B.P., 2000. Reduced growth of Alaskan white spruce in the twentieth century from temperature induced drought stress. Nature 405: 668– 673.
  • Barber, V.A., Juday, G.P., Finney, B.P., Wilmking, M., 2004. Reconstruction of summer temperatures in interior Alaska from tree-ring proxies: evidence for changing synoptic climate regimes. Climatic Change 63 (1–2), 30.
  • Berg, E.E., Henry, J.D., Fastie, C.L., De Volder, A.D., Matsuoka, S.M., 2006. Spruce beetle outbreaks on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and Kluane National Park and Reserve, Yukon Territory: relationship to summer temperatures and regional differences in disturbance regimes. Forest Ecology and Management 227 (3): 219– 232.
  • Dalfes, N., Karaca M. and Şen, Ö.L. 2007. Climate change scenarios for Turkey. In: Climate Change & Turkey: Impacts, Sectoral Analyses, Socio-Economic Dimensions (Edt. Ç. Güven). Publications of UNDP Turkey Branch, Ankara.
  • Heurich, M., Reinelt, A., Fahse, L., 2001. Die Buchdruckermassenvermehrung im Nationalpark BayerischerWald. In: Heurich, M., (Ed.), Waldentwicklung im Bergwald nach Windwurf und Borkenka¨ferbefall. Bayer. Staatsforstverwaltung Wiss. Reihe, Grafenau, vol. 14, 9–48.
  • Goudie, A., 1993. The Nature of The Environment, University of Oxford, s.227-230.
  • IPCC, 2007. IPCC WGI Fourth Assessment Report. Switzerland.
  • Kılınç, M. ve H.G. Kutbay.2004. Plant Ecology (in Turkish). Palme Yayıncılık, No: 275. Ankara.
  • Kimmins, J.P. 1997. Forest Ecology. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
  • Lloyd, A.H., Fastie, C.L., 2002. Spatial and temporal variability in the growth and climate response of treeline trees in Alaska. Climatic Change 52 (4), 29.
  • Nusslein, S., Faisst, G., Weissbacher, A., Moritz, K., Zimmermann, L., Bittersol, J., Kennel, M., Troycke, A., Adler, H., 2000. Zur Waldentwicklung im Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald 1999.Bayerische Landesanstalt fu¨r Wald und Forstwirtschaft, Freising, vol. 25.
  • Perry, D.A. 1994. Forest Ecosystems. Jhon Hopkins University Press, MA, U.S.A.
  • Soja, A..J., N.M. Tchebakova, N.H.F. French, M.D. Flannigan, H.H. Shugart, B.J. Stocks, A.I. Sukhinin, E.I. Parfenova, F.S. Chapin, P.W. Stackhouse. Climate-induced boreal forest change: Predictions versus current observations. Global and Planetary Change 56 (2007) 274–296.
  • Tüfekçioğlu, A., Kalay, H.Z., Küçük, M. Kahriman, A ve Özbayram, A.K. 2005. Bark beetle caused tree mortalities in Artvin-Hatilla National Park and influence of ecological factors (in Turkish). I. Çevre ve Ormancılık Şurası, s. 1430-1438, Antalya.
  • Tüfekçioğlu, A. 2008. Climate change influence on oriental spruce ecosystems in Turkey (in Turkish). IV. Atmosfer Bilimleri Sempozyumu, 25-28 Mart, 2008. p. 399-407. İstanbul.
  • Weisbacher, B. 2004. Ecology and management of the spruce bark beetle: Ips typographus—a review of recent research. Forest Ecology and Management 202: 67–82.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Eski Sayılar
Authors

Aydın Tüfekçioğlu

Sinan Güner

Fahrettin Tilki

Publication Date March 20, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2008Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tüfekçioğlu, A., Güner, S., & Tilki, F. (2011). CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 101-106.
AMA Tüfekçioğlu A, Güner S, Tilki F. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY. ACUJFF. March 2011;9(1):101-106.
Chicago Tüfekçioğlu, Aydın, Sinan Güner, and Fahrettin Tilki. “CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 9, no. 1 (March 2011): 101-6.
EndNote Tüfekçioğlu A, Güner S, Tilki F (March 1, 2011) CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 9 1 101–106.
IEEE A. Tüfekçioğlu, S. Güner, and F. Tilki, “CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY”, ACUJFF, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 101–106, 2011.
ISNAD Tüfekçioğlu, Aydın et al. “CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 9/1 (March 2011), 101-106.
JAMA Tüfekçioğlu A, Güner S, Tilki F. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY. ACUJFF. 2011;9:101–106.
MLA Tüfekçioğlu, Aydın et al. “CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, 2011, pp. 101-6.
Vancouver Tüfekçioğlu A, Güner S, Tilki F. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ORIENTAL SPRUCE (PICEA ORIENTALIS) ECOSYSTEMS IN EASTERN BLACKSEA REGION OF TURKEY. ACUJFF. 2011;9(1):101-6.
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