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Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 301 - 309, 15.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.701282

Abstract

Orkideler, yumrularının aşırı toplanması ve habitatlarının ciddi şekilde tahrip olması sonucu yok olma tehdidi altındadır. Doğada orkidelerin korunması mikorizal fungus biyolojik çeşitliliğinin varlığına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde 4 ilin (Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon) sınırları içinde farklı habitatlardan toplanan Serapias orieantalis (Greuter ) Bauman H, Künkele köklerindeki mikorizal fungusların moleküler tanımlaması yapılmıştır. Bitki kökleri 2015 bahar aylarında toplanmış ve önce mikroskopta incelenerek mikorizal funguslar izole edilmiştir. Saflaştırılan izolatlar, koloni özellikleri (koloni tipi, koloni rengi), hif yapısı (hif çapı ve dallanma yapısı) ve çekirdek sayılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla PDA (patates dektroz agar) ortamında geliştirilmiştir. İzolatları morfolojik özelliklerine göre gruplandırmak için küme analizi (UPGMA) yöntemi uygulanmış ve kladogram oluşturulmuştur. Kümeleme analizine göre oluşturulan 3 grubun izolatlarını moleküler düzeyde tanımlayabilmek için ITS-1 ve ITS-4 primerleri kullanılarak nüklear ribozomal DNA (rDNA)’nın ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 gen bölgesi çoğaltılmıştır. DNA dizilimine dayanarak, 13 Rhizoctonia benzeri izolatın Tulasnella cinsi ile 2 Rhizoctonia benzeri olmayan izolatın Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. türü ile yakın ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

References

  • Akın V (2001) Samsun İli Bafra, Ondokuzmayıs ve Tekkeköy İlçelerindeki Tarım Alanlarından İzole Edilen Patojen Rhizoctonia İzolatları Üzerine Patojen Olmayan Rhizoctonia İzolatların Biyokontrol Etkisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi FenBilimleri Enstitüsü,Türkiye
  • Bandoni RJ (1979) Safranin O as a rapid nuclear stain for fungi. Mycologia, 71: 873-874
  • Carling DE, Leiner RH, Kebler, KM (1987) Characterization of a new anastomosis group (AG-9) of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 77:1609-1612
  • Brundrett MC(2007) Understanding the Roles of Multifunctional Mycorrhizal and Endophytic Fungi. Microbial. Root Endophytes 21, 138–146. doi: 10.1007/3-540-33526-9_16
  • Carling DE, Leiner RH and Kebler KM ( 1987) Characterization of a new anastomosis group(AG-9) of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 77: 1609-1612
  • Clements MA, Muir H and Cribb PJ (1986) A Preliminary Report on the Symbiotic Germination of European Terrestrial Orchids, Kew Bull., 41(2): 437-445
  • Cruz CD (2008) Programa Genes: Aplicativo computacional em genética estatística. Versão para Windows. Viçosa: Editora UFV
  • Cruz D, Sua´rez JP, Kottke I, Piepenbring M and Oberwinker F (2011) Defining species in Tulasnella by correlating morphology and nrDNA ITS-5.8s sequence data of basidiomata from a tropical Andean forest. Mycol Prog 10:229–238
  • Dearnaley JDW (2007) Further advances in orchid mycorrhizal research. Mycorrhiza, 17(6): 475–486. Doi:10.1007/s00572-007- 0138-1. PMID:17582535
  • Dearnaley JD, Martos F and Selosse, MA ( 2012) Orchid mycorrhizas: Molecular ecology, evolution and conservation aspects. In Hock B. (ed.), The Mycota IX: 207–230. Springer, Berlin
  • Dressler RL(1993) Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521450584, Hong Kong
  • Gezgin Y (2004) Çeşitli salep (orkide) türlerinde mikoriza oluşturan fungusların izolasyonu ve tanımlanması ile inokulant olarak kullanım olanaklarının incelenmesi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.
  • Girlanda M, Segreto R, Cafasso D, Liebel HT, Rodd, M, Ercole E, Cozzolino S, Gebaue G and Perotto S ( 2011) Photosynthetic Mediterranean meadow orchids feature partial mycoheterotrophy and specific mycorrhizal associations. Amer. J. Bot., 98: 1148-1163.
  • Güner A ( 2012) Iris L.in Turkey Plants List (Vascular Plants), Edited by Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT, İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Association Publication, 535-540.
  • Horton TR and Bruns TD (2001) The molecular revolution in ectomycorrhizal ecology: peeking into the black-box. Molecular Ecolog'y, 10, 1855-1871
  • Hammer Ø, Harper DAT and Ryan PD (2001) PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electronica 4 (1): 9 pp
  • Herrera H, Valadares R, Contreras D, Bashan Y and Arriagada C (2017) Mycorrhizal compatibility and symbiotic seed germination of orchids from the Coastal Range and Andes in south central Chile. Mycorrhiza, 27: 175–188
  • Horton TR and Bruns TD (2001) The molecular revolution in ectomycorrhizal ecology: peeking into the black-box. Mol Ecol 10: 1855–1871
  • Jacquemyn H, Honnay O, Cammue BPA, Brys R and Lievens B ( 2010). Low specificity and nested subset structure characterize mycorrhizal associations in five closely related species of the genus Orchis. Mol. Ecol., 19: 4086-4095.
  • Kristiansen KA, Rasmussen FN and Rasmussen HN (2001) Seedlings of Neuwiedia (Orchidaceae subfamily Apostasioideae) have typical orchidaceous mycotrophic protocorms. Amer. J. Bot. 88 : 956-959
  • Kompe YO ve Mutlu VA (2017) Mycorrhizal diversity in some species of Dactylorhiza genus (Orchidaceae). Biol. Div. Con. 10(1): 55-64.
  • Ma X, Kang J, Nontachaiyapoom S, Wen T and Hyde KD (2015) Non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi from orchids. Curr. Sci. 109, 72–87
  • McCormick MK, Taylo DL, Whigham DF and Burnett RK ( 2016) Germination patterns in three terrestrial orchids relate to abundance of mycorrhizal fungi. J. Ecol., 104: 744-754
  • Moore RT (1987) The genera of Rhizoctonia-like fungi: Ascorhizoctonia, Ceratorhiza gen. nov., Epulorhiza gen. nov., Moniliopsis and Rhizoctonia. Mycotaxon 29: 91-99
  • Mutlu VA and Kömpe YO (2020) Mycorrhizal Fungi Of Some Orchis Species of Turkey. Pak. J. Bot., 52(2), Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2020-2(42) (Basımda)
  • Olaya G and Abawi GS (1994) Characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia species causing foliar blight and root rot on table beets in New York State. Plant Dis., 78: 800-804
  • Otero JT, Ackerman JD and Bayman P (2002) Diversity and host specificity of endophytic Rhizoctonia-like fungi from tropical orchids. Am. J. Bot. 89, 1852-1858. Doi: 10.3732/ajb.89.11.1852
  • Otero JT, Mosquera AT, Flanagan NS (2013) Tropical orchid mycorrhizae: potential applications in orchid conservation, commercialization, and beyond. Lankesteriana 13, 57-63
  • Özkoç İ (1991) Serapias vomeracea (Burm fil.) Briq. subsp. laxiflora (Soo) Gölz et. Reinhard ve Orchis laxiflora Lam. (Orchidacea) tohumlarının simbiyotik ve asimbiyotik kültürlerde çimlenme ve gelişmesi üzerinde araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye
  • Pascual CB, Toda T, Raymondo AD and Hyakumachi M (2000) Characterization by conventional techniques and PCR of Rhizoctoniasolani isolates causing banded leaf sheath blight in maize. Plant Pathol., 49: 108-118
  • Pereira S, Zille A, Micheletti E, Moradas-Ferreira P, Philippis RD and Tamagnini PP (2009) Complexity of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides: composition, structures, inducing factors and putative genes involved in their biosynthesis and assembly. FEMS Microbiol Rev 33, 917-941
  • Pereira MC, Coelho IS, Valadares RBS, Feliciano O, Bocayuva MF, Pereira OL, and Araujo EF, Kasuya MCM (2014) Morphological and molecular characterization of Tulasnella spp. fungi isolated from the roots of Epidendrum secundum, a widespread Brazilian orchid. Symbiosis 62: 111-121
  • Periera G, Suz LM, Albornoz V, Romero C, Garcia L, Leiva V and Atala C (2018) Mycorryzal fungi associated with Codonorchis iessonii (Brongn) Lindl., a terrestrial from Chile. Gayana Botánica, v.75, n.1,p.447-458
  • Posada D (2008) jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol 25(7), 1253-1256. Doi: 10.1093/molbev/msn083
  • Ramsay MM and Dixon KW (2003) Propagation science, recovery and translocation of terrestrial orchids. In: Dixon, K.W., S.P. Kell, R.L. Barrett, and P.J. Cribb (eds). Orchid Conservation, pp. 259-88
  • Rasmussen H( 1995) Terrestrial orchids, from seed to Mycotrphic plant. Cambridge University Press, Camridge
  • Rasmussen H and Rasmussen FN (2007) Trophic relationship in orchid mycorrhiza diversity and implication for conservation. Lankesteriana 7:334–341
  • Salazar O, Schneider JHM, Julian MC, Keije J and Rubio V (1999) “Phylogenetic subgrouping of Rhizoctonia solani AG2 isolates based on ribosomal ITS sequences”, Mycologia, 91 (3), 459-467
  • Shan XC, Liew ECY, Weatherhead MA and Hodgkiss IJ (2002) Characterization and taxonomic placement of Rhizoctonia-like endophytes from orchid roots. Mycologia, 94(2), 230–239
  • Sneh B, Burpee L and Ogoshi A ( 1991) Identification of Rhizoctoniaspecies. APS PRESS St.Paul, pp. 1-133
  • Stark C, Babık W and Durka W (2009) Fungi from the roots of the common terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Mycol. Res., 113: 952-959
  • Sufaati S, Agustini V and Suhorno S (2016) Fusarium as endophyte of some terrestrial orchid from Papua, Indonesia. BIO DIVERSITAS Volume 17(1), 366-371
  • Taylor DL, Bruns TD, Leake JR and Read DJ (2002) Mycorrhizal specificity and function in myco-heterotrophic plants. In: (Eds.): Sanders, I. & van der Hijden Ms. Mycorrhizal Ecology, vol 157. Springer, Berlin, pp. 375-413
  • Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipsk, A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 2725–2729 Doi: 10.1093/molbev/mst197
  • Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F and Higgins DG (1997) The Clustal X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucl. Acids Res., 25, 4876-4882
  • Valadares RBS, Otero JT, Pereira MC, Cardoso EJBN ( 2015) The epiphytic orchids Ionopsis utricularioides and Psygmorchis pusilla associate with different Ceratobasidium lineages at Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Acta Botanica Brasilica 29: 40-44
  • White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S and Taylor J (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: (Eds.): Innis, MA, Gelfand DH Sninsky TJ White PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 315-322

Mycorrhizal fungi diversity of Serapias orientalis

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 301 - 309, 15.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.701282

Abstract

Orchids are under a serious threat of extinction as a result of both excessive collecting and severe destruction of their habitats. Studies conducted have shown that the protection of orchids depends on the presence of mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity. In this study, molecular identification of mychorrhizal fungi of Serapias orieantalis roots taken from different habitats within the borders of 4 provinces (Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon) in the Central and Eastern Black Sea region was conducted. Plant roots were collected in the spring of 2015 and first examined under a microscope and then mycorrhizal fungi were isolated. Purified isolates were developed in PDA (potato dectrose agar) medium in order to determine colony characteristics (colony type, colony color), hif structure (hif diameter and branching structure) and core numbers. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) method was applied to group the isolates according to their morphological characteristics and a cladogram was created. Nuclear ribozomal DNA (rDNA)’nın ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene region was amplified using ITS 1/ITS 4 primers in order to identify isolates of 3 groups formed according to morphological data at the molecular level. Based on the DNA sequence, 13 Rhizoctonia-like isolates were closely related to the Tulasnella genus, and 2 Rhizoctonia-unlike isolates were closely related to the Fusarium oxysporum.

References

  • Akın V (2001) Samsun İli Bafra, Ondokuzmayıs ve Tekkeköy İlçelerindeki Tarım Alanlarından İzole Edilen Patojen Rhizoctonia İzolatları Üzerine Patojen Olmayan Rhizoctonia İzolatların Biyokontrol Etkisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi FenBilimleri Enstitüsü,Türkiye
  • Bandoni RJ (1979) Safranin O as a rapid nuclear stain for fungi. Mycologia, 71: 873-874
  • Carling DE, Leiner RH, Kebler, KM (1987) Characterization of a new anastomosis group (AG-9) of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 77:1609-1612
  • Brundrett MC(2007) Understanding the Roles of Multifunctional Mycorrhizal and Endophytic Fungi. Microbial. Root Endophytes 21, 138–146. doi: 10.1007/3-540-33526-9_16
  • Carling DE, Leiner RH and Kebler KM ( 1987) Characterization of a new anastomosis group(AG-9) of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 77: 1609-1612
  • Clements MA, Muir H and Cribb PJ (1986) A Preliminary Report on the Symbiotic Germination of European Terrestrial Orchids, Kew Bull., 41(2): 437-445
  • Cruz CD (2008) Programa Genes: Aplicativo computacional em genética estatística. Versão para Windows. Viçosa: Editora UFV
  • Cruz D, Sua´rez JP, Kottke I, Piepenbring M and Oberwinker F (2011) Defining species in Tulasnella by correlating morphology and nrDNA ITS-5.8s sequence data of basidiomata from a tropical Andean forest. Mycol Prog 10:229–238
  • Dearnaley JDW (2007) Further advances in orchid mycorrhizal research. Mycorrhiza, 17(6): 475–486. Doi:10.1007/s00572-007- 0138-1. PMID:17582535
  • Dearnaley JD, Martos F and Selosse, MA ( 2012) Orchid mycorrhizas: Molecular ecology, evolution and conservation aspects. In Hock B. (ed.), The Mycota IX: 207–230. Springer, Berlin
  • Dressler RL(1993) Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521450584, Hong Kong
  • Gezgin Y (2004) Çeşitli salep (orkide) türlerinde mikoriza oluşturan fungusların izolasyonu ve tanımlanması ile inokulant olarak kullanım olanaklarının incelenmesi. Yüksek lisans tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.
  • Girlanda M, Segreto R, Cafasso D, Liebel HT, Rodd, M, Ercole E, Cozzolino S, Gebaue G and Perotto S ( 2011) Photosynthetic Mediterranean meadow orchids feature partial mycoheterotrophy and specific mycorrhizal associations. Amer. J. Bot., 98: 1148-1163.
  • Güner A ( 2012) Iris L.in Turkey Plants List (Vascular Plants), Edited by Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT, İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Association Publication, 535-540.
  • Horton TR and Bruns TD (2001) The molecular revolution in ectomycorrhizal ecology: peeking into the black-box. Molecular Ecolog'y, 10, 1855-1871
  • Hammer Ø, Harper DAT and Ryan PD (2001) PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electronica 4 (1): 9 pp
  • Herrera H, Valadares R, Contreras D, Bashan Y and Arriagada C (2017) Mycorrhizal compatibility and symbiotic seed germination of orchids from the Coastal Range and Andes in south central Chile. Mycorrhiza, 27: 175–188
  • Horton TR and Bruns TD (2001) The molecular revolution in ectomycorrhizal ecology: peeking into the black-box. Mol Ecol 10: 1855–1871
  • Jacquemyn H, Honnay O, Cammue BPA, Brys R and Lievens B ( 2010). Low specificity and nested subset structure characterize mycorrhizal associations in five closely related species of the genus Orchis. Mol. Ecol., 19: 4086-4095.
  • Kristiansen KA, Rasmussen FN and Rasmussen HN (2001) Seedlings of Neuwiedia (Orchidaceae subfamily Apostasioideae) have typical orchidaceous mycotrophic protocorms. Amer. J. Bot. 88 : 956-959
  • Kompe YO ve Mutlu VA (2017) Mycorrhizal diversity in some species of Dactylorhiza genus (Orchidaceae). Biol. Div. Con. 10(1): 55-64.
  • Ma X, Kang J, Nontachaiyapoom S, Wen T and Hyde KD (2015) Non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi from orchids. Curr. Sci. 109, 72–87
  • McCormick MK, Taylo DL, Whigham DF and Burnett RK ( 2016) Germination patterns in three terrestrial orchids relate to abundance of mycorrhizal fungi. J. Ecol., 104: 744-754
  • Moore RT (1987) The genera of Rhizoctonia-like fungi: Ascorhizoctonia, Ceratorhiza gen. nov., Epulorhiza gen. nov., Moniliopsis and Rhizoctonia. Mycotaxon 29: 91-99
  • Mutlu VA and Kömpe YO (2020) Mycorrhizal Fungi Of Some Orchis Species of Turkey. Pak. J. Bot., 52(2), Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2020-2(42) (Basımda)
  • Olaya G and Abawi GS (1994) Characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia species causing foliar blight and root rot on table beets in New York State. Plant Dis., 78: 800-804
  • Otero JT, Ackerman JD and Bayman P (2002) Diversity and host specificity of endophytic Rhizoctonia-like fungi from tropical orchids. Am. J. Bot. 89, 1852-1858. Doi: 10.3732/ajb.89.11.1852
  • Otero JT, Mosquera AT, Flanagan NS (2013) Tropical orchid mycorrhizae: potential applications in orchid conservation, commercialization, and beyond. Lankesteriana 13, 57-63
  • Özkoç İ (1991) Serapias vomeracea (Burm fil.) Briq. subsp. laxiflora (Soo) Gölz et. Reinhard ve Orchis laxiflora Lam. (Orchidacea) tohumlarının simbiyotik ve asimbiyotik kültürlerde çimlenme ve gelişmesi üzerinde araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye
  • Pascual CB, Toda T, Raymondo AD and Hyakumachi M (2000) Characterization by conventional techniques and PCR of Rhizoctoniasolani isolates causing banded leaf sheath blight in maize. Plant Pathol., 49: 108-118
  • Pereira S, Zille A, Micheletti E, Moradas-Ferreira P, Philippis RD and Tamagnini PP (2009) Complexity of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides: composition, structures, inducing factors and putative genes involved in their biosynthesis and assembly. FEMS Microbiol Rev 33, 917-941
  • Pereira MC, Coelho IS, Valadares RBS, Feliciano O, Bocayuva MF, Pereira OL, and Araujo EF, Kasuya MCM (2014) Morphological and molecular characterization of Tulasnella spp. fungi isolated from the roots of Epidendrum secundum, a widespread Brazilian orchid. Symbiosis 62: 111-121
  • Periera G, Suz LM, Albornoz V, Romero C, Garcia L, Leiva V and Atala C (2018) Mycorryzal fungi associated with Codonorchis iessonii (Brongn) Lindl., a terrestrial from Chile. Gayana Botánica, v.75, n.1,p.447-458
  • Posada D (2008) jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Mol Biol Evol 25(7), 1253-1256. Doi: 10.1093/molbev/msn083
  • Ramsay MM and Dixon KW (2003) Propagation science, recovery and translocation of terrestrial orchids. In: Dixon, K.W., S.P. Kell, R.L. Barrett, and P.J. Cribb (eds). Orchid Conservation, pp. 259-88
  • Rasmussen H( 1995) Terrestrial orchids, from seed to Mycotrphic plant. Cambridge University Press, Camridge
  • Rasmussen H and Rasmussen FN (2007) Trophic relationship in orchid mycorrhiza diversity and implication for conservation. Lankesteriana 7:334–341
  • Salazar O, Schneider JHM, Julian MC, Keije J and Rubio V (1999) “Phylogenetic subgrouping of Rhizoctonia solani AG2 isolates based on ribosomal ITS sequences”, Mycologia, 91 (3), 459-467
  • Shan XC, Liew ECY, Weatherhead MA and Hodgkiss IJ (2002) Characterization and taxonomic placement of Rhizoctonia-like endophytes from orchid roots. Mycologia, 94(2), 230–239
  • Sneh B, Burpee L and Ogoshi A ( 1991) Identification of Rhizoctoniaspecies. APS PRESS St.Paul, pp. 1-133
  • Stark C, Babık W and Durka W (2009) Fungi from the roots of the common terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Mycol. Res., 113: 952-959
  • Sufaati S, Agustini V and Suhorno S (2016) Fusarium as endophyte of some terrestrial orchid from Papua, Indonesia. BIO DIVERSITAS Volume 17(1), 366-371
  • Taylor DL, Bruns TD, Leake JR and Read DJ (2002) Mycorrhizal specificity and function in myco-heterotrophic plants. In: (Eds.): Sanders, I. & van der Hijden Ms. Mycorrhizal Ecology, vol 157. Springer, Berlin, pp. 375-413
  • Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipsk, A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 2725–2729 Doi: 10.1093/molbev/mst197
  • Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F and Higgins DG (1997) The Clustal X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucl. Acids Res., 25, 4876-4882
  • Valadares RBS, Otero JT, Pereira MC, Cardoso EJBN ( 2015) The epiphytic orchids Ionopsis utricularioides and Psygmorchis pusilla associate with different Ceratobasidium lineages at Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Acta Botanica Brasilica 29: 40-44
  • White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S and Taylor J (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: (Eds.): Innis, MA, Gelfand DH Sninsky TJ White PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 315-322
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Vildan Akın Mutlu 0000-0002-6330-105X

Hamdiye Şehirli 0000-0003-1053-0817

Yasemin Özdener Kömpe 0000-0003-1649-4298

Publication Date September 15, 2020
Acceptance Date September 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akın Mutlu, V., Şehirli, H., & Özdener Kömpe, Y. (2020). Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 301-309. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.701282
AMA Akın Mutlu V, Şehirli H, Özdener Kömpe Y. Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği. ACUJFF. September 2020;21(2):301-309. doi:10.17474/artvinofd.701282
Chicago Akın Mutlu, Vildan, Hamdiye Şehirli, and Yasemin Özdener Kömpe. “Serapias orientalis’in Mikorizal Fungus çeşitliliği”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 21, no. 2 (September 2020): 301-9. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.701282.
EndNote Akın Mutlu V, Şehirli H, Özdener Kömpe Y (September 1, 2020) Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 21 2 301–309.
IEEE V. Akın Mutlu, H. Şehirli, and Y. Özdener Kömpe, “Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği”, ACUJFF, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 301–309, 2020, doi: 10.17474/artvinofd.701282.
ISNAD Akın Mutlu, Vildan et al. “Serapias orientalis’in Mikorizal Fungus çeşitliliği”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 21/2 (September 2020), 301-309. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.701282.
JAMA Akın Mutlu V, Şehirli H, Özdener Kömpe Y. Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği. ACUJFF. 2020;21:301–309.
MLA Akın Mutlu, Vildan et al. “Serapias orientalis’in Mikorizal Fungus çeşitliliği”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 2, 2020, pp. 301-9, doi:10.17474/artvinofd.701282.
Vancouver Akın Mutlu V, Şehirli H, Özdener Kömpe Y. Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği. ACUJFF. 2020;21(2):301-9.
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