Artvin Coruh University Journal of Forestry Faculty
Research Article
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The effect of wood ash on the germination of Bladder-Senna (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet.) seeds

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 202 - 209, 15.10.2023

Neslihan ATAR Zafer ÖLMEZ Halil Barış ÖZEL Aşkın GÖKTÜRK

https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.1332928

Abstract

Colutea armena (Baldder Senna) is among the important plant species that have an important place in biodiversity and can spread on the edges of stands in fire-sensitive ecosystems. In this study, the effects of wood ash and different germination media on the germination of seeds of C. armena species were investigated in order to evaluate whether the fires occurring in the areas where it naturally spreads will have an effect on the spread of the species. A total of 15 different media obtained by mixing equal proportions of wood ash, soil, sand and peat media were used as germination media. The germination experiment was carried out in four replications under laboratory conditions, with 50 seeds in each replicate. As a result of the study, it was determined that the germination media were effective on the germination of C. armena seeds (p<0.05) and wood ash reduced the germination rate. The highest germination percentages were obtained from Soil-Peat (62.53%), Peat (63.13%), Peat-Sand (64.86%), Soil (65.08%), Sand-Soil (65.84%) and Sand (66.93%). Generally, germination could not be obtained in environments where the ash ratio is high. Germination was achieved in Sand-Peat-Ash, Peat-Ash-Soil, Soil-Sand-Peat-Ash environments where only ash is present at low rates. The fact that germination is lower in ash-containing environments can be attributed to the increase in the pH value of the ash germination medium.

Keywords

Colutea armena, Germination percentages, Germination media, Ash

References

  • Augusto L, Bakker MR, Meredieu C (2008) Wood ash applications to temperate forest ecosystems potential benefits and drawbacks. Plant and Soil, 306:181-198.
  • Bewley JD, Black M (1994) Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press, New York, pp 445.
  • Browicz K (1963) The genus Colutea L. monograph. Monographie Bot., 14:136.
  • Chen GQ, Guo SL, Huang QS (2009). Invasiveness evaluation of fireweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides) based on its seed germination features. Weed Biology and Management, 9:123-128.
  • Compton ME (1994) Statistical methods suitable for the analysis of plant tissue culture data. Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture, 37:217-242.
  • Çinkılıç H (2008) Farklı organik ve inorganik ortamlarda hıyar fidesi üretimi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2):151-158.
  • Demirezen Yılmaz D, Aksoy A (2007) Physiological effects of different environmental conditions on the seed germination of Rumex scutatus L. (Polygonaceae). Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1-2): 24-29.
  • Edgar JG (1977) Effects of moisture stress on germination of Eucalyptus calmadulensis Dehnh. and E. regnans F. Muell. Australian. Forest Research, 7(4):241-245.
  • Escudero AS, Barrero, Pita JM (1997) Effects of high temperatures and ash on seed germination of two Iberian pines (Pinus nigra ssp. salzmannii, P. sylvestris var. iberica). Annals of Forest Science, 54(6): 553–562.
  • Gill AM (1981) Adaptive responses of Australian vascular plant species to fires. In: Fire and the Australian Biota (eds A. M. Gill, R. H. Groves & I. R. Noble), The Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, pp. 273–310.
  • Gonzalez-Rabanal F, Casal M (1995) Effect of high temperatures and ash on germination of ten species from gorse shrubland. Vegetatio, 116:123–131.
  • González-Rabanal F, Casal M, Trabaud L (1994) Effects of high temperatures, ash and seed position in the inflorescence on the germination of three Spanish grasses, Journal of Vegetation Science, 5(3): 289-284.
  • Göktürk A (2017) Seed and germination characteristics of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet.) seeds. International Forestry and Enviroment Symposium. Trabzon, Abstract Book pp 207.
  • Göktürk A, Çelik Göktürk B, Aksu Y (2018) Pests of Colutea armena (Bladder Senna) seeds in Artvin Region. International Artvin Symposium, Artvin, Abstract Book.
  • Gülçur F (1974) Toprağın Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Analiz Yöntemleri. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, O.F Yayın No:201, Kurtuluş Matbaası, İstanbul, s.225.
  • Henig-Sever N, Eshel A, Ne’eman G (1996) pH and osmotic potential of pine ash as post-fire germination inhibitors. Physiol Plant, 96 (1): 71–76.
  • Izhaki I, Lahav H, Ne'eman G (1992) Spatial distribution patterns of Rhus coriaria seedlings after fire in a Mediterranean pine forest. Acta Oecol., 13:279-289.
  • Justice OL, Reele MH (1954) A review of literature and investigation on the effects of hydrogen-ion concentration on the germination of seeds. Proc. Ass. Offic. Seed Anal., 44:144-149.
  • Kazancı DD (2014) Akdeniz bitkilerinin yangın sonrası çimlenme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
  • Keeley JE (1991) Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral. The Botanical Review, 57 (2):81-116.
  • Krüsmann G (1984) Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs. Vol. 1, Timber Pres, Beaverton, USA.
  • Kutiel P, Kutiel H (1989) Effects of a wildfire on soil nutrients and vegetation in an Aleppo pine forest on Mount Carmel Israel. Pirineos, 134:59–74.
  • Mayer AM, Poljakoff-Mayber A (1989) The Germination of Seeds. 4th ed. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Naveh Z (1975). The evolutionary significance of fire in the Mediterranean region. Vegetation, 43:5-21.
  • Ne’eman G, Lahav H, Izhaki I (1992) Spatial pattern of seedlings one year after fire in a Mediterranean pine forest. Oecologia, 91(3): 365–370.
  • Ne’eman G, Meir I, Neéman R (1993) The effect of ash on the germination and early growth of shoots and roots of Pinus, Cistus and annuals. Seed Science and Technology, 21(2): 339–349.
  • Okay Y, Günöz A (2009) Gölbaşı'na endemik Centaurea tchihatcheffii Fisch. et Mey. tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine bazı uygulamaların etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2):119-126.
  • Ölmez Z, Göktürk A, Temel F (2007) Effects of cold stratification, sulphuric acid, submersion in hot and tap water pretreatments on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss.&Huet.). Seed Science and Technology, 35:266-271.
  • Pieper A (1952) Das Saatgut. V.P. Darey Berlin, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 275.
  • Pijut P (2008) Colutea L. Bladder-senna. In FT Bonner, RPKarrfalt (Eds.), The Woody Plant Seed Manual, Agriculture Handbook 72, USDA Forest Servic, pp. 426-427.
  • Qingfang L, Tianrong X, Chengcang Ma, Lin W (2003) Effect of pH value on wheat seed germination and seedlings growth and metabolism. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 31(002):185-187.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (1998) Germination of Pinus pinaster, P. radiata and Eucalyptus globulus in relation to the amount of ash produced in forest fires. Annals of Forest Science, 55:837–845.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (2004) Effects of forest fire ash on germination and early growth of four Pinus species. Plant Ecology, 175:81–89.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (2006) Seed germination of Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex and the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal. Annals of Forest Science, 63:205–212.
  • Reyes O, Kaal J, Arán D, Gago R, Bernal J, García-Duro J, Basanta M (2015) The effects of ash and black carbon (biochar) on germination of different tree species. Fire Ecology, 11(1):119-133
  • Riveiro SF, García-Duro J, Cruz O, Casal M, Reyes O (2019) Fire effects on germination response of the native species Daucus carota and the invasive alien species Helichrysum foetidum and Oenothera glazioviana. Global Ecology and Conservation, 20:00730.
  • Rudolf PO (1974) Colutea arborescens L. (Bladder-senna). In: Schopmeyer CS (Ed.). Seeds of Woody Plants in the United States, Agric. Handbook 450, USDA Forest Service, Washington DC, USA.
  • Schütz W (1997) Primary dormancy and annual dormancy cycles in seeds of six temperate wetland sedges. Aquatic Botany, 59: 75-85. Taiz L, Zeiger E (1998) Plant Physiology. 2nd Edition, Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, 792 p.
  • Taiz L (1984) Plant cell expansion: regulation of cell wall mechanical properties. Ann. Rev. Plant Physioli, 35:585-657.
  • Tang C, Robson AD, Longnecker NE, Greenway H (1993) Physioloaical responses of lupin roots to high pH. Plant and Soil, 155/156:509-512.
  • Thanos CA, Skordilis A (1987) The effects of light, temperature and osmotic stress on the germination of Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 15:163-174.
  • Thomas PA, Wein RW (1990) Jack pine establishment on ash from wood and organic soil. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 20 (12):1926–1932.
  • Thomas PA, Wein RW (1994) Amelioration of woody ash toxicity and jack pine establishment. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(4):748-755.
  • Trabaud L (1992) Influence du regime des feux sur les modifications _a court terme et la stabilite a long terme de la flore d’une garrigue de Quercus coccifera. Revue d’ecologie, 47:209-230.
  • Yahyaoğlu Z, Olmez Z (2005) Tohum Teknolojisi ve Fidanlık Tekniği, Kafkas Üniversitesi, Artvin Orman Fakültesi, Artvin.
  • Zohar Y, Waisel Y, Zarschon R (1975) Effects of light, temperature and osmotic stress on seed germination of Eucalyptus accidentalis Endl., Australian Journal of Botany, 23:391-397.

Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 202 - 209, 15.10.2023

Neslihan ATAR Zafer ÖLMEZ Halil Barış ÖZEL Aşkın GÖKTÜRK

https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.1332928

Abstract

Colutea armena (Patlangaç), biyolojik çeşitlilikte önemli yeri olan ve yangına hassas ekosistemlerde meşcere kenarlarında yayılış gösterebilen önemli bitki türleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada C. armena türünün doğal olarak yayılış gösterdiği alanlarda meydana gelen yangınların türün yayılışı üzerinde etkisinin olup olmayacağını değerlendirebilmek amacıyla, tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine odun külünün ve farklı çimlenme ortamlarının etkileri incelenmiştir. Çimlenme ortamı olarak odun külü, toprak, kum ve torf ortamlarının eşit oranlarda karıştırılmasıyla elde edilen toplam 15 farklı ortam kullanılmıştır. Çimlendirme deneyi, her tekrarda 50 tohum olacak şekilde dört tekrarlı olarak laboratuvar koşullarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, çimlenme ortamlarının C. armena tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkili olduğu (p<0.05) ve odun külünün çimlenme oranını azalttığı belirlenmiştir. En yüksek çimlenme yüzdeleri Toprak-Torf (%62.53), Torf (%63.13), Torf-Kum (%64.86), Toprak (%65.08), Kum-Toprak (%65.84) ve Kum (%66.93) ortamlarından elde edilmiştir. Külün oran olarak yüksek olduğu ortamlarda genellikle çimlenme elde edilememiştir. Sadece külün düşük oranlarda yer aldığı Kum-Torf-Kül, Torf-Kül-Toprak, Toprak-Kum-Torf-Kül ortamlarında çimlenme sağlanmıştır. Kül içeren ortamlarda çimlenme oranlarının düşük olması, külün çimlenme ortamının pH değerini yükseltmesine bağlanabilir.

Keywords

Colutea armena, çimlenme yüzdesi, çimlenme ortamı, kül

References

  • Augusto L, Bakker MR, Meredieu C (2008) Wood ash applications to temperate forest ecosystems potential benefits and drawbacks. Plant and Soil, 306:181-198.
  • Bewley JD, Black M (1994) Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press, New York, pp 445.
  • Browicz K (1963) The genus Colutea L. monograph. Monographie Bot., 14:136.
  • Chen GQ, Guo SL, Huang QS (2009). Invasiveness evaluation of fireweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides) based on its seed germination features. Weed Biology and Management, 9:123-128.
  • Compton ME (1994) Statistical methods suitable for the analysis of plant tissue culture data. Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture, 37:217-242.
  • Çinkılıç H (2008) Farklı organik ve inorganik ortamlarda hıyar fidesi üretimi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2):151-158.
  • Demirezen Yılmaz D, Aksoy A (2007) Physiological effects of different environmental conditions on the seed germination of Rumex scutatus L. (Polygonaceae). Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1-2): 24-29.
  • Edgar JG (1977) Effects of moisture stress on germination of Eucalyptus calmadulensis Dehnh. and E. regnans F. Muell. Australian. Forest Research, 7(4):241-245.
  • Escudero AS, Barrero, Pita JM (1997) Effects of high temperatures and ash on seed germination of two Iberian pines (Pinus nigra ssp. salzmannii, P. sylvestris var. iberica). Annals of Forest Science, 54(6): 553–562.
  • Gill AM (1981) Adaptive responses of Australian vascular plant species to fires. In: Fire and the Australian Biota (eds A. M. Gill, R. H. Groves & I. R. Noble), The Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, pp. 273–310.
  • Gonzalez-Rabanal F, Casal M (1995) Effect of high temperatures and ash on germination of ten species from gorse shrubland. Vegetatio, 116:123–131.
  • González-Rabanal F, Casal M, Trabaud L (1994) Effects of high temperatures, ash and seed position in the inflorescence on the germination of three Spanish grasses, Journal of Vegetation Science, 5(3): 289-284.
  • Göktürk A (2017) Seed and germination characteristics of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet.) seeds. International Forestry and Enviroment Symposium. Trabzon, Abstract Book pp 207.
  • Göktürk A, Çelik Göktürk B, Aksu Y (2018) Pests of Colutea armena (Bladder Senna) seeds in Artvin Region. International Artvin Symposium, Artvin, Abstract Book.
  • Gülçur F (1974) Toprağın Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Analiz Yöntemleri. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, O.F Yayın No:201, Kurtuluş Matbaası, İstanbul, s.225.
  • Henig-Sever N, Eshel A, Ne’eman G (1996) pH and osmotic potential of pine ash as post-fire germination inhibitors. Physiol Plant, 96 (1): 71–76.
  • Izhaki I, Lahav H, Ne'eman G (1992) Spatial distribution patterns of Rhus coriaria seedlings after fire in a Mediterranean pine forest. Acta Oecol., 13:279-289.
  • Justice OL, Reele MH (1954) A review of literature and investigation on the effects of hydrogen-ion concentration on the germination of seeds. Proc. Ass. Offic. Seed Anal., 44:144-149.
  • Kazancı DD (2014) Akdeniz bitkilerinin yangın sonrası çimlenme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
  • Keeley JE (1991) Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral. The Botanical Review, 57 (2):81-116.
  • Krüsmann G (1984) Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs. Vol. 1, Timber Pres, Beaverton, USA.
  • Kutiel P, Kutiel H (1989) Effects of a wildfire on soil nutrients and vegetation in an Aleppo pine forest on Mount Carmel Israel. Pirineos, 134:59–74.
  • Mayer AM, Poljakoff-Mayber A (1989) The Germination of Seeds. 4th ed. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Naveh Z (1975). The evolutionary significance of fire in the Mediterranean region. Vegetation, 43:5-21.
  • Ne’eman G, Lahav H, Izhaki I (1992) Spatial pattern of seedlings one year after fire in a Mediterranean pine forest. Oecologia, 91(3): 365–370.
  • Ne’eman G, Meir I, Neéman R (1993) The effect of ash on the germination and early growth of shoots and roots of Pinus, Cistus and annuals. Seed Science and Technology, 21(2): 339–349.
  • Okay Y, Günöz A (2009) Gölbaşı'na endemik Centaurea tchihatcheffii Fisch. et Mey. tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine bazı uygulamaların etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2):119-126.
  • Ölmez Z, Göktürk A, Temel F (2007) Effects of cold stratification, sulphuric acid, submersion in hot and tap water pretreatments on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss.&Huet.). Seed Science and Technology, 35:266-271.
  • Pieper A (1952) Das Saatgut. V.P. Darey Berlin, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 275.
  • Pijut P (2008) Colutea L. Bladder-senna. In FT Bonner, RPKarrfalt (Eds.), The Woody Plant Seed Manual, Agriculture Handbook 72, USDA Forest Servic, pp. 426-427.
  • Qingfang L, Tianrong X, Chengcang Ma, Lin W (2003) Effect of pH value on wheat seed germination and seedlings growth and metabolism. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 31(002):185-187.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (1998) Germination of Pinus pinaster, P. radiata and Eucalyptus globulus in relation to the amount of ash produced in forest fires. Annals of Forest Science, 55:837–845.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (2004) Effects of forest fire ash on germination and early growth of four Pinus species. Plant Ecology, 175:81–89.
  • Reyes O, Casal M (2006) Seed germination of Quercus robur, Q. pyrenaica and Q. ilex and the effects of smoke, heat, ash and charcoal. Annals of Forest Science, 63:205–212.
  • Reyes O, Kaal J, Arán D, Gago R, Bernal J, García-Duro J, Basanta M (2015) The effects of ash and black carbon (biochar) on germination of different tree species. Fire Ecology, 11(1):119-133
  • Riveiro SF, García-Duro J, Cruz O, Casal M, Reyes O (2019) Fire effects on germination response of the native species Daucus carota and the invasive alien species Helichrysum foetidum and Oenothera glazioviana. Global Ecology and Conservation, 20:00730.
  • Rudolf PO (1974) Colutea arborescens L. (Bladder-senna). In: Schopmeyer CS (Ed.). Seeds of Woody Plants in the United States, Agric. Handbook 450, USDA Forest Service, Washington DC, USA.
  • Schütz W (1997) Primary dormancy and annual dormancy cycles in seeds of six temperate wetland sedges. Aquatic Botany, 59: 75-85. Taiz L, Zeiger E (1998) Plant Physiology. 2nd Edition, Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, 792 p.
  • Taiz L (1984) Plant cell expansion: regulation of cell wall mechanical properties. Ann. Rev. Plant Physioli, 35:585-657.
  • Tang C, Robson AD, Longnecker NE, Greenway H (1993) Physioloaical responses of lupin roots to high pH. Plant and Soil, 155/156:509-512.
  • Thanos CA, Skordilis A (1987) The effects of light, temperature and osmotic stress on the germination of Pinus halepensis and Pinus brutia seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 15:163-174.
  • Thomas PA, Wein RW (1990) Jack pine establishment on ash from wood and organic soil. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 20 (12):1926–1932.
  • Thomas PA, Wein RW (1994) Amelioration of woody ash toxicity and jack pine establishment. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(4):748-755.
  • Trabaud L (1992) Influence du regime des feux sur les modifications _a court terme et la stabilite a long terme de la flore d’une garrigue de Quercus coccifera. Revue d’ecologie, 47:209-230.
  • Yahyaoğlu Z, Olmez Z (2005) Tohum Teknolojisi ve Fidanlık Tekniği, Kafkas Üniversitesi, Artvin Orman Fakültesi, Artvin.
  • Zohar Y, Waisel Y, Zarschon R (1975) Effects of light, temperature and osmotic stress on seed germination of Eucalyptus accidentalis Endl., Australian Journal of Botany, 23:391-397.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Silviculture
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Neslihan ATAR
ARTVİN ÇORUH ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ
0000-0002-4616-8381
Türkiye

Zafer ÖLMEZ
ARTVİN ÇORUH ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ
0000-0001-6199-6284
Türkiye

Halil Barış ÖZEL
BARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BARTIN ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ
0000-0001-9518-3281
Türkiye

Aşkın GÖKTÜRK
ARTVİN ÇORUH ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ
0000-0001-8093-7896
Türkiye

Publication Date October 15, 2023
Acceptance Date October 4, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 24 Issue: 2

Cite

APA
ATAR, N., ÖLMEZ, Z., ÖZEL, H. B., GÖKTÜRK, A. (2023). Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 202-209. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.1332928
MLA
ATAR, Neslihan et al. “Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea Armena Boiss. And Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine Etkisi”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 2, 2023, pp. 202-9, doi:10.17474/artvinofd.1332928.
Chicago
ATAR, Neslihan, Zafer ÖLMEZ, Halil Barış ÖZEL, and Aşkın GÖKTÜRK. “Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea Armena Boiss. And Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine Etkisi”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 24, no. 2 (October 2023): 202-9. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.1332928.
EndNote
ATAR N, ÖLMEZ Z, ÖZEL HB, GÖKTÜRK A (October 1, 2023) Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 24 2 202–209.
ISNAD
ATAR, Neslihan et al. “Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea Armena Boiss. And Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine Etkisi”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 24/2 (October 2023), 202-209. https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.1332928.
AMA
ATAR N, ÖLMEZ Z, ÖZEL HB, GÖKTÜRK A. Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. ACUJFF. October 2023;24(2):202-209. doi:10.17474/artvinofd.1332928
Vancouver
ATAR N, ÖLMEZ Z, ÖZEL HB, GÖKTÜRK A. Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. ACUJFF. 2023;24(2):202-9.
IEEE
N. ATAR, Z. ÖLMEZ, H. B. ÖZEL, and A. GÖKTÜRK, “Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi”, ACUJFF, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 202–209, 2023, doi: 10.17474/artvinofd.1332928.
JAMA
ATAR N, ÖLMEZ Z, ÖZEL HB, GÖKTÜRK A. Odun külünün Patlangaç (Colutea armena Boiss. and Huet) tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. ACUJFF. 2023;24:202–209.
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