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Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant

Year 2018, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 170 - 176, 22.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.320232

Abstract

Imported moss peat (IMP) and native
peat (NAP) that is taken from Akgöl/Turkey were used in the growth medium of
primula (Primula obconica) plants.
Five different growth media were prepared using IMP and NAP, and some of their
basic chemical and physical properties were determined. Then, the effects of
media characteristics on nutrient contents of primula plant were evaluated. All
growth media was found inadequate in concentration for water soluble nutrients
NO3-N, P, K, Fe and Zn but other nutrients were acceptable levels.
Bulk density (BD) of growing media was found between 0.071-0.139 g cm-3.
When the ratio of NAP was increased in mixtures, BD also increased. Moreover,
the growth media was prepared with IMP and NAP had enough aeration capacity
(AC), low available water content (AWC), and very low water buffering capacity
(WBC). Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values were determined as 83.32-105.70 me
100 g-1. pH and EC of the media varied between 4.56-5.88 and
0.39-1.00 dS m-1, respectively. On the other hand, when the NAP
ratio was more than 75% in the mixtures, pH level was a little out of the
desired limits. Organic C level was the highest in 100% IMP media. The quality
parameters and the classical growth characteristics of primula plants were not
significantly different across growing media. K, Mg, S and Na contents of the
plants were generally at normal levels. However, significant differences were
found in total Fe, Mn and Cu contents of plants. Fe amount was enough but Mn
and Cu were lower than the acceptable levels in all media. All in all, primula
plants were grown successfully in all media and reached saleable quality levels
despite of the differences in some nutrient contents. It was suggested that NAP
can be used as an alternative to IMP for horticultural purposes, such as a
production of ornamentals in a greenhouse.

References

  • Anonymous, 1978. DIN 11542. Torf für Gartenbau und Landwirtschaft.
  • Ataman, Y., Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Kütük, C., Dengiz, O. and Özaytekin, H. 1999. Bolu-Yeniçağa organik toprağının bitki yetiştirme ortamı olarak iyileştirilmesi üzerinde bir araştırma (in Turkish). TÜBİTAK, TOGTAG-1700, Proje kesin raporu.
  • Bağcı, S., Çaycı, G. and Kütük, C. 2011. Growth of primula plant in coir dust and peat based growing media. Jour. of Plant Nutrition, 34: 909-919.
  • Baran, A., Çaycı, G., Kütük, C. and Hartmann, R. 2001. Composted grape marc as growing medium for hypostases (Hypostases phyllostagya) Bioresource Technology, 78: 103-106.
  • Bergmann, W. 1992. Nutritional Disorders of Plants. Devolopment, visual and analytical diagnosis. VCH Publishers Inc., USA.
  • Bremner, S. M. 1982. Total Nitrogen. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. pp.595-624.Madison, WI, ASA-SSA.
  • Chong, C., Rinker, D. L. and Cline, R. A. 1994. Bark-and peat amended spent mushroom compost for containerized culture of shrubs. HortScience, 29 (7): 781-784.
  • Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Kütük, C., Ataman, Y., Ozaytekin, H. and Dengiz, O. 2010. A research on reclamation of physical properties of Bolu-Yeniçağa peat as plant growth medium. In: Proc. Of Int. Symposium on Desertification, Ed. N. Munsuz, pp. 308-312, Konya-Turkey. Soil Science Society of Turkey (SSST).
  • Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Özaytekin, H., Kütük, C., Karaca., S. and Çiçek, N. 2011. Morphology, chemical properties, and radiocarbon dating of eutrophic peat in Turkey. Catena 85: 215-220.
  • Çaycı G (1989). An investigation on determination of properties of peat materials in Turkey as plant growth medium. Doctorate Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara.
  • Çiçek, 2004. Effect of different growing media prepared with spent mushroom compost on growth paramaters and nutrient status of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Çiçek, N. 2010. The Use of Sakarya Akgöl peat in plant growth medium. Doctorate Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.
  • Çiçek Atikmen, N. Kütük, C. and Karahan, G. 2014. Response of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) to fresh and exhausted mushroom compost substrates in greenhouse conditions. Bulletin UASVM Horticulture, 71 (2): 233-239.
  • De Boodt M, Verdonck O (1972). The physical properties of the substrates in horticulture. Acta Horticulture, 26: 37-44.
  • De Boodt, M., Verdonck, V. and Cappaert, I. 1974. Method for measuring the water release curve of organic substrates. Acta horticulturae, 37: 2054-2060.
  • De Kreij, C. and Van Leeuwen, G. J. L. 2001. Growth of pot plants in treated coir dust as compared to peat. Commun. Soil Sci., Plant Anal., 32 (13&14): 255-265.
  • Dengiz, O., Özaytekin, H., Çaycı, G. and Baran, A. 2009. Characteristics, genesis and classification of a basin peat soil under negative human impact in Turkey. Environmental Geology, 56: 1057-1063.
  • Erdoğan, A. 2004. The use of beer factory sludge in growing medium of primula plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Güran, M. 1992. Salon-Park ve Bahçe Süs Bitkileri (in Turkish). Eroğlu Matbaacılık San. Ltd. Şti, 297, Ankara.
  • Handreck, A. K. 1993. Properties of coir dust and its use in the formulation of soilless potting media. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 24 (3&4): 349-363.
  • Hessayon, D. g: 1980. The Use Plant Expert. Publications Britannica House, Waltham Cross. Herts., 125 p., England.
  • Jones, J. B., Wolf, B. and Mills, H. A.1991. Plant Analysis Handbook. Micro-Macro Publishing, USA, p. 213.
  • Kacar, B and İnal, A. 2008. Bitki Analizleri (in Tukish). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım: 1241, Fen Bilimleri: 63, Ankara.
  • Kirven, DM. 1986. An industry viewpoint: Horticultural testing is our language confusing. Hort. Sci., 215-217.
  • Kütük, C., Topcuoglu, B. and Çaycı, G. 1998. The effect of different media on growth of croton (Codiaeumvariegatum) plant. M. Şefik Yeşilsoy International Symposium on Arid Region Soil. P. 499-505, Int. Agrohydrology Research and Training Center, Menemen, İzmir-Turkey.
  • Lohr, I. V., O’Brian, R. G. and Coffey, D.L. 1984. Spent mushroom compost in soilless media and its effect on the yield and quality of transplants. Jour. of America Society for Horticultural Sciences, 109 (5): 693-697.
  • Lucas, R. E, Rieke, P. E, Shickluna, C. and Cole, A. 1975. Lime and fertilizer requirements for peats. In: Peat in horticulture, New York, Academic Press, pp: 51-71.
  • Meral, N. 2006. Effects of different organic wastes on growth of begonia plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Najafi, M. 2014. The use of hazelnut husk waste in growth medium of ornamental plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.
  • Öge, H. R. 1997. Çiçekler, Kaktüsler ve Etli Bitkiler (in Turkish). Inkilap Kitapevi, 336, İstanbul.
  • Papafotiou, M., Phsyhalou, M., Kargas, G., Chatzipavlidis, I. and Chronopoulos, J. 2004. Olive-mill wastes as growing medium component for the production of poinsettia. Scentia Horticulture, 102: 167-175.
  • Poole, R. T, Conover, C. A, Joiner, J. N. 1981 Soils and Potting Mixtures, Foliage Plant Production, ed: Cliffs, N. J., Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood, pp:179.
  • Puustjarvi, V. 1980. Rationalized micronutrient fertilization. Peat-Plant Yearbook News, 3-12.
  • Robinson, D. W., Lamb, J. G. D. 1975. Peat in Horticulture, Academic Press, London, p: 170.
  • Rose, R. and Haase, D. 2000. The use of coir as a containerized growing medium for coir as a containerized growing medium for douglas-fir seedlings. Native Plants Journal, 1 (2), 107-111.
  • Soil Survey Methods Manual 2004. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42.
  • Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil Taxonomy: A basis system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys, 2nd ed. USDA NRCS Agr. Handbook No. 436, Washington, DC.
  • Sonnoveld, C. and Straver N. 1992. Nutrient solutions for vegetables and flowers grown in water or substrates. Proefstation Voor Tuinbouv Onder Glass, No: 8, Naaldwjk, The Netherlands.
  • Szajek, L., Barandyk, T. and Stlowicz, J. 2007. Chemical properties of different peat-marsh soils from the Biebrza River Valley. Agronomic Research 5 (2): 165-174. Varış, S., Altıntaş, S., Çinkılıç, H., Koral, P. S., Butt, S.J. and Çinkılıç, L. 2004. Öğütülmüş cibre-cüruf (ÖCC) harcı (in Turkish). Hasad Dergisi, 234: 26-34.
  • Verdonck, O. R., Pennick, R. and De Boodt, M. 1984. The physical properties of different horticultural substrates. Acta Horticulture 150: 155-160.
  • Williams, B. I. 1974. Effect of water-table on nitrogen mineralization in peat. Forestry 47 (2): 195-202.

Farkli yetiştirme ortamlarinin primula (primula obconica) bitkisinin besin içeriğine etkileri

Year 2018, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 170 - 176, 22.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.320232

Abstract

Primula bitkisinin yetiştirme ortamı olarak
yosun kökenli ithal organik toprak (İOT) ve Akgöl/Türkiye den elde edilen yerli
organik toprak (YOT) kullanılmıştır. İOT ve YOT’ın temel fiziksel ve kimyasal
özellikleri belirlendikten sonra beş farklı yetiştirme ortamı hazırlanmıştır.
Daha sonra primula bitkisinin besin maddesi içeriğine hazırlanan ortamların
etkileri incelenmiştir. Yetiştirme ortamlarının suda çözünebilir NO3-N,
P, K, Fe ve Zn içerikleri yetersiz bulunurken, diğer besin elementlerinin
yeterli seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ortamların hacim ağırlığı (HA)
0.071-0.139 g cm-3 arasında bulunmuştur. Karışımlardaki YOT oranı
arttıkça HA’ları da artmıştır. Ayrıca yetiştirme ortamı olarak hazırlanan İOT
ve YOT yeterli havalanma kapasitesine (HK), düşük kolay alınabilir su içeriğine
(KAS) ve çok düşük su tamponlama kapasitesine sahiptir. Katyon değişim
kapasitesi (KDK) değerleri ise 83.32-105.70 me 100 g-1 olarak
belirlenmiştir. Ortamların pH ve EC değeri sırası ile 4.56-5.88 ve 0.39-1.00 dS
m-1 arasında değişmiştir. Karışımlarda YOT oranı % 75'den fazla
olduğunda, pH düzeyi istenilen sınırların biraz dışındadır. Organik C ise, %
100 İOT karışımında en yüksek seviyededir. Farklı yetiştirme ortamları
bakımından primula bitkisinin klasik büyüme özellikleri ve kalite parametreleri
arasındaki farklılıklar önemli değildir. Bitkilerin toplam K, Mg, S ve Na
içerikleri genel olarak normal seviyelerdedir. Bununla birlikte, bitkilerin
toplam Fe, Mn ve Cu içeriklerinde önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Tüm
ortamlarda Fe miktarı yeterli iken, Mn ve Cu miktarları kabul edilebilir
seviyelerden daha düşüktür. Sonuç olarak, primula bitkileri tüm ortamlarda
başarılı bir şekilde yetiştirilmiş ve bazı besin içeriğindeki farklılıklara
rağmen satılabilir kaliteye ulaşmıştır. YOT’ın İOT’a bir alternatif olarak ve
serada süs bitkileri üretiminde kullanılması önerilmiştir.

References

  • Anonymous, 1978. DIN 11542. Torf für Gartenbau und Landwirtschaft.
  • Ataman, Y., Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Kütük, C., Dengiz, O. and Özaytekin, H. 1999. Bolu-Yeniçağa organik toprağının bitki yetiştirme ortamı olarak iyileştirilmesi üzerinde bir araştırma (in Turkish). TÜBİTAK, TOGTAG-1700, Proje kesin raporu.
  • Bağcı, S., Çaycı, G. and Kütük, C. 2011. Growth of primula plant in coir dust and peat based growing media. Jour. of Plant Nutrition, 34: 909-919.
  • Baran, A., Çaycı, G., Kütük, C. and Hartmann, R. 2001. Composted grape marc as growing medium for hypostases (Hypostases phyllostagya) Bioresource Technology, 78: 103-106.
  • Bergmann, W. 1992. Nutritional Disorders of Plants. Devolopment, visual and analytical diagnosis. VCH Publishers Inc., USA.
  • Bremner, S. M. 1982. Total Nitrogen. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. pp.595-624.Madison, WI, ASA-SSA.
  • Chong, C., Rinker, D. L. and Cline, R. A. 1994. Bark-and peat amended spent mushroom compost for containerized culture of shrubs. HortScience, 29 (7): 781-784.
  • Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Kütük, C., Ataman, Y., Ozaytekin, H. and Dengiz, O. 2010. A research on reclamation of physical properties of Bolu-Yeniçağa peat as plant growth medium. In: Proc. Of Int. Symposium on Desertification, Ed. N. Munsuz, pp. 308-312, Konya-Turkey. Soil Science Society of Turkey (SSST).
  • Çaycı, G., Baran, A., Özaytekin, H., Kütük, C., Karaca., S. and Çiçek, N. 2011. Morphology, chemical properties, and radiocarbon dating of eutrophic peat in Turkey. Catena 85: 215-220.
  • Çaycı G (1989). An investigation on determination of properties of peat materials in Turkey as plant growth medium. Doctorate Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara.
  • Çiçek, 2004. Effect of different growing media prepared with spent mushroom compost on growth paramaters and nutrient status of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Çiçek, N. 2010. The Use of Sakarya Akgöl peat in plant growth medium. Doctorate Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.
  • Çiçek Atikmen, N. Kütük, C. and Karahan, G. 2014. Response of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) to fresh and exhausted mushroom compost substrates in greenhouse conditions. Bulletin UASVM Horticulture, 71 (2): 233-239.
  • De Boodt M, Verdonck O (1972). The physical properties of the substrates in horticulture. Acta Horticulture, 26: 37-44.
  • De Boodt, M., Verdonck, V. and Cappaert, I. 1974. Method for measuring the water release curve of organic substrates. Acta horticulturae, 37: 2054-2060.
  • De Kreij, C. and Van Leeuwen, G. J. L. 2001. Growth of pot plants in treated coir dust as compared to peat. Commun. Soil Sci., Plant Anal., 32 (13&14): 255-265.
  • Dengiz, O., Özaytekin, H., Çaycı, G. and Baran, A. 2009. Characteristics, genesis and classification of a basin peat soil under negative human impact in Turkey. Environmental Geology, 56: 1057-1063.
  • Erdoğan, A. 2004. The use of beer factory sludge in growing medium of primula plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Güran, M. 1992. Salon-Park ve Bahçe Süs Bitkileri (in Turkish). Eroğlu Matbaacılık San. Ltd. Şti, 297, Ankara.
  • Handreck, A. K. 1993. Properties of coir dust and its use in the formulation of soilless potting media. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 24 (3&4): 349-363.
  • Hessayon, D. g: 1980. The Use Plant Expert. Publications Britannica House, Waltham Cross. Herts., 125 p., England.
  • Jones, J. B., Wolf, B. and Mills, H. A.1991. Plant Analysis Handbook. Micro-Macro Publishing, USA, p. 213.
  • Kacar, B and İnal, A. 2008. Bitki Analizleri (in Tukish). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım: 1241, Fen Bilimleri: 63, Ankara.
  • Kirven, DM. 1986. An industry viewpoint: Horticultural testing is our language confusing. Hort. Sci., 215-217.
  • Kütük, C., Topcuoglu, B. and Çaycı, G. 1998. The effect of different media on growth of croton (Codiaeumvariegatum) plant. M. Şefik Yeşilsoy International Symposium on Arid Region Soil. P. 499-505, Int. Agrohydrology Research and Training Center, Menemen, İzmir-Turkey.
  • Lohr, I. V., O’Brian, R. G. and Coffey, D.L. 1984. Spent mushroom compost in soilless media and its effect on the yield and quality of transplants. Jour. of America Society for Horticultural Sciences, 109 (5): 693-697.
  • Lucas, R. E, Rieke, P. E, Shickluna, C. and Cole, A. 1975. Lime and fertilizer requirements for peats. In: Peat in horticulture, New York, Academic Press, pp: 51-71.
  • Meral, N. 2006. Effects of different organic wastes on growth of begonia plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science.
  • Najafi, M. 2014. The use of hazelnut husk waste in growth medium of ornamental plant. Master Thesis (in Turkish with English Abstract), Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.
  • Öge, H. R. 1997. Çiçekler, Kaktüsler ve Etli Bitkiler (in Turkish). Inkilap Kitapevi, 336, İstanbul.
  • Papafotiou, M., Phsyhalou, M., Kargas, G., Chatzipavlidis, I. and Chronopoulos, J. 2004. Olive-mill wastes as growing medium component for the production of poinsettia. Scentia Horticulture, 102: 167-175.
  • Poole, R. T, Conover, C. A, Joiner, J. N. 1981 Soils and Potting Mixtures, Foliage Plant Production, ed: Cliffs, N. J., Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood, pp:179.
  • Puustjarvi, V. 1980. Rationalized micronutrient fertilization. Peat-Plant Yearbook News, 3-12.
  • Robinson, D. W., Lamb, J. G. D. 1975. Peat in Horticulture, Academic Press, London, p: 170.
  • Rose, R. and Haase, D. 2000. The use of coir as a containerized growing medium for coir as a containerized growing medium for douglas-fir seedlings. Native Plants Journal, 1 (2), 107-111.
  • Soil Survey Methods Manual 2004. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42.
  • Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil Taxonomy: A basis system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys, 2nd ed. USDA NRCS Agr. Handbook No. 436, Washington, DC.
  • Sonnoveld, C. and Straver N. 1992. Nutrient solutions for vegetables and flowers grown in water or substrates. Proefstation Voor Tuinbouv Onder Glass, No: 8, Naaldwjk, The Netherlands.
  • Szajek, L., Barandyk, T. and Stlowicz, J. 2007. Chemical properties of different peat-marsh soils from the Biebrza River Valley. Agronomic Research 5 (2): 165-174. Varış, S., Altıntaş, S., Çinkılıç, H., Koral, P. S., Butt, S.J. and Çinkılıç, L. 2004. Öğütülmüş cibre-cüruf (ÖCC) harcı (in Turkish). Hasad Dergisi, 234: 26-34.
  • Verdonck, O. R., Pennick, R. and De Boodt, M. 1984. The physical properties of different horticultural substrates. Acta Horticulture 150: 155-160.
  • Williams, B. I. 1974. Effect of water-table on nitrogen mineralization in peat. Forestry 47 (2): 195-202.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Authors

Nuray Çiçek Atikmen

Abdullah Baran

Cihat Kütük This is me

Gökhan Çaycı

H. Hüseyin Özaytekin

Siyami Karaca

Publication Date June 22, 2018
Acceptance Date January 12, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 33 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çiçek Atikmen, N., Baran, A., Kütük, C., Çaycı, G., et al. (2018). Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 33(2), 170-176. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.320232
AMA Çiçek Atikmen N, Baran A, Kütük C, Çaycı G, Özaytekin HH, Karaca S. Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant. ANAJAS. June 2018;33(2):170-176. doi:10.7161/omuanajas.320232
Chicago Çiçek Atikmen, Nuray, Abdullah Baran, Cihat Kütük, Gökhan Çaycı, H. Hüseyin Özaytekin, and Siyami Karaca. “Effects of Different Growth Media to the Nutrient Content of Primula (primula Obconica) Plant”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 33, no. 2 (June 2018): 170-76. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.320232.
EndNote Çiçek Atikmen N, Baran A, Kütük C, Çaycı G, Özaytekin HH, Karaca S (June 1, 2018) Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 33 2 170–176.
IEEE N. Çiçek Atikmen, A. Baran, C. Kütük, G. Çaycı, H. H. Özaytekin, and S. Karaca, “Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant”, ANAJAS, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 170–176, 2018, doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.320232.
ISNAD Çiçek Atikmen, Nuray et al. “Effects of Different Growth Media to the Nutrient Content of Primula (primula Obconica) Plant”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 33/2 (June 2018), 170-176. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.320232.
JAMA Çiçek Atikmen N, Baran A, Kütük C, Çaycı G, Özaytekin HH, Karaca S. Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant. ANAJAS. 2018;33:170–176.
MLA Çiçek Atikmen, Nuray et al. “Effects of Different Growth Media to the Nutrient Content of Primula (primula Obconica) Plant”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 33, no. 2, 2018, pp. 170-6, doi:10.7161/omuanajas.320232.
Vancouver Çiçek Atikmen N, Baran A, Kütük C, Çaycı G, Özaytekin HH, Karaca S. Effects of different growth media to the nutrient content of primula (primula obconica) plant. ANAJAS. 2018;33(2):170-6.
Online ISSN: 1308-8769