Evaluation of adhesion strength of heat treated wood material using dipping and atomization methods
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 153 - 158, 28.10.2022Öz
The aim of this study is to evaluate the heat treated wood coating performance using dipping and atomization methods. Heat treatment temperature, treatment time, wood direction and application types were selected as independent variables while adhesion strength was determined as a dependent variable. The artificial weathering test was used to determine the performance of the surface coating applied to the heat-treated wood materials. The factors affecting the surface coating performance after the artificial weathering test were evaluated by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and pareto analysis. According to results, adhesion strength was found to be higher in both methods at 190° C temperature and 2 hours of application time. Adhesion strength in the radial direction was found to be better than the tangential direction, and it was observed that especially the dipping method created a significant interaction on the material direction and affected the adhesion strength considerably.
Anahtar Kelimeler
wood coating, Heat treatment, Design of experiment, Dipping, Atomization, Pareto analysis
Kaynakça
- ASTM International. Standard Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings; ASTM D358-98(2012); ASTM: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2012.
- Bekhta P, Krystofak T, Proszyk S, Lis B(2018) Adhesion strength of thermally compressed and varnished (TCW) substrate. Prog. Org. Coat.125: 331–338
- Bekhta P, Krystofak T, Proszyk S, Lis B(2018) Surface gloss of Lacquered Medium Density Fiberboard panels veneered with thermally compressed Birch Wood. Prog. Org. Coat.117: 10–19.
- Bekhta P, Proszyk S, Krystofak T, Sedliacik J, Novak I, Mamonova M(2017) Effect of short-term thermo mechanical densification on the structure and properties of wood veneers. Wood Mater. Sci. Eng.12: 40–54
- Boonstra MJ, Tjeerdsma B(2006) Chemical analysis of heat treated softwood. Holz. Roh. Werkst.64: 204–211
- Bulian, F, Graystone JA (2009) Wood Coatings: Theory and Practice. Elsevier: Amsterdam, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52840-7.X0001-X
- Cool J, Hernández RE( 2011) Improving the sanding process of black spruce wood for surface quality and water-based coating adhesion. Forest Prod J 61(5): 372-380. https://doi.org/10.13073/0015-7473-61.5.372
- Evans PD, Thay PD, Schmalzl K)1996) Degradation of surfaces during natural weathering effects on lignin and cellulose and on the adhesion of acrylic latex primers. Wood Sci. Technol. 30: 411–422.
- Huang X, Kocaefe D, Kocaefe, Y, Pichette A(2018) Combined effect of acetylation and heat treatment on the physical, mechanical and biological behavior of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) wood. Eur. J. Wood. Prod. 76: 525–540.
- ISO 4624. 2016. Paints and varnishes – pull of test for adhesion
- Keskin H, Tekin A(2011) Abrasion resistance of cellulosic, synthetic, polyurethane, waterborne and acid hardening varnishes used woods. Constr Build Mater 25(2): 638-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.028
- Landry V, Blanchet P, Cormier LM(2013) Water-based and solvent-based stains: Impact on the grain raising in Yellow Birch. BioResources 8(2): 1997-2009. https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/water-based-and-solvent-based-stains-impact-on-the-grain-raising-in-yellow-birch/
- Nejad M, Cooper P (2011) Exterior wood coatings. Part-2: Modeling correlation between coating properties and their weathering performance. J Coat Technol Res 8: 459-467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-011-9331-4
- Salca EA, Krystofiak T, Lis B(2017) Evaluation of selected properties of Alder wood as functions of sanding and coating. Coatings 7(10): 176-186. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings7100176
- Sjökvist T, Blom A(2019) The influence of coating color, heartwood and sapwood, on moisture content and growth of microorganisms on the surface during outdoor exposure of Norway spruce board. J Coat Technol Res 16: 819-826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-018-00165-3
- Söğütlü C, Nzokou P, Koc I, Tutgun R, Dönges N(2016) The effect of surface roughness on varnish adhesion strength of wood materials. J Coat Technol Res 13: 863-870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998- 016-9805-5
- Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Subari K, Liang CK(2011) Evaluation of aesthetic durability of waterborne polyurethane coatings appplied on wood for interior applications. Prog. Org. Coat.72: 81–87.
- Toker H, Hiziroglu S, Ozcifci A(2012) Influence of weathering an adhesion strength of chemically treated and coated Scot Pine. Prog. Org. Coat. 73, 211–214.
- Unsal O, Korkut S, Atik C(2003) The effect of heat treatment on some technological properties and color in Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) wood. Maderas Cienc. Tecnol.5: 145–152.
- We Y, Wang M, Zhang P, Chen Y, Gao J, Fan Y(2017) The role of phenolic extractives in color changes of Locust Wood (Robinia pseudoacacia) during heat treatment. BioResources 12: 7041–7055.
Daldırma ve atomizasyon yöntemleri kullanılarak ısıl işlem uygulanmış ahşap malzemenin yapışma direncinin belirlenmesi
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 153 - 158, 28.10.2022Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, daldırma ve atomizasyon yöntemlerini kullanarak ısıl işlem görmüş ahşap malzemenin yapışma direnci performansını değerlendirmektir. Isıl işlem sıcaklığı, işlem süresi, ahşap yönü ve uygulama türleri bağımsız değişkenler, yapışma mukavemeti ise bağımlı değişken olarak belirlenmiştir. Isıl işlem görmüş ahşap malzemelere uygulanan yüzey kaplamasının performansını belirlemek için yapay yaşlandırma testi kullanılmıştır. Yapay yaşlandırma testi sonrası yüzey işlem performansını etkileyen faktörler, çok yönlü varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve pareto analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 190°C sıcaklıkta ve 2 saatlik uygulama süresinde her iki yöntemde de yapışma mukavemeti daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Radyal yöndeki yapışma mukavemetinin teğetsel yönden daha iyi olduğu görülmüş ve özellikle daldırma yönteminin malzeme yönü üzerinde önemli bir etkileşim oluşturduğu ve yapışma mukavemetini önemli ölçüde etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ahşap Yüzey İşlem, Isıl İşlem, Deney Tasarımı, Daldırma, Atomizasyon, Pareto Analizi.
Kaynakça
- ASTM International. Standard Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings; ASTM D358-98(2012); ASTM: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2012.
- Bekhta P, Krystofak T, Proszyk S, Lis B(2018) Adhesion strength of thermally compressed and varnished (TCW) substrate. Prog. Org. Coat.125: 331–338
- Bekhta P, Krystofak T, Proszyk S, Lis B(2018) Surface gloss of Lacquered Medium Density Fiberboard panels veneered with thermally compressed Birch Wood. Prog. Org. Coat.117: 10–19.
- Bekhta P, Proszyk S, Krystofak T, Sedliacik J, Novak I, Mamonova M(2017) Effect of short-term thermo mechanical densification on the structure and properties of wood veneers. Wood Mater. Sci. Eng.12: 40–54
- Boonstra MJ, Tjeerdsma B(2006) Chemical analysis of heat treated softwood. Holz. Roh. Werkst.64: 204–211
- Bulian, F, Graystone JA (2009) Wood Coatings: Theory and Practice. Elsevier: Amsterdam, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52840-7.X0001-X
- Cool J, Hernández RE( 2011) Improving the sanding process of black spruce wood for surface quality and water-based coating adhesion. Forest Prod J 61(5): 372-380. https://doi.org/10.13073/0015-7473-61.5.372
- Evans PD, Thay PD, Schmalzl K)1996) Degradation of surfaces during natural weathering effects on lignin and cellulose and on the adhesion of acrylic latex primers. Wood Sci. Technol. 30: 411–422.
- Huang X, Kocaefe D, Kocaefe, Y, Pichette A(2018) Combined effect of acetylation and heat treatment on the physical, mechanical and biological behavior of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) wood. Eur. J. Wood. Prod. 76: 525–540.
- ISO 4624. 2016. Paints and varnishes – pull of test for adhesion
- Keskin H, Tekin A(2011) Abrasion resistance of cellulosic, synthetic, polyurethane, waterborne and acid hardening varnishes used woods. Constr Build Mater 25(2): 638-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.028
- Landry V, Blanchet P, Cormier LM(2013) Water-based and solvent-based stains: Impact on the grain raising in Yellow Birch. BioResources 8(2): 1997-2009. https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/water-based-and-solvent-based-stains-impact-on-the-grain-raising-in-yellow-birch/
- Nejad M, Cooper P (2011) Exterior wood coatings. Part-2: Modeling correlation between coating properties and their weathering performance. J Coat Technol Res 8: 459-467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-011-9331-4
- Salca EA, Krystofiak T, Lis B(2017) Evaluation of selected properties of Alder wood as functions of sanding and coating. Coatings 7(10): 176-186. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings7100176
- Sjökvist T, Blom A(2019) The influence of coating color, heartwood and sapwood, on moisture content and growth of microorganisms on the surface during outdoor exposure of Norway spruce board. J Coat Technol Res 16: 819-826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-018-00165-3
- Söğütlü C, Nzokou P, Koc I, Tutgun R, Dönges N(2016) The effect of surface roughness on varnish adhesion strength of wood materials. J Coat Technol Res 13: 863-870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998- 016-9805-5
- Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Subari K, Liang CK(2011) Evaluation of aesthetic durability of waterborne polyurethane coatings appplied on wood for interior applications. Prog. Org. Coat.72: 81–87.
- Toker H, Hiziroglu S, Ozcifci A(2012) Influence of weathering an adhesion strength of chemically treated and coated Scot Pine. Prog. Org. Coat. 73, 211–214.
- Unsal O, Korkut S, Atik C(2003) The effect of heat treatment on some technological properties and color in Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) wood. Maderas Cienc. Tecnol.5: 145–152.
- We Y, Wang M, Zhang P, Chen Y, Gao J, Fan Y(2017) The role of phenolic extractives in color changes of Locust Wood (Robinia pseudoacacia) during heat treatment. BioResources 12: 7041–7055.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Ekim 2022 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 1 Ekim 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2 |
Kaynak Göster
Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Alıntı 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.