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A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 7, 306 - 313, 02.01.2016

Öz

The pyrolysis process, which is applied for the aim of producing energy and raw materials which are implemented for the chemical industry from biomass sources, is a thermal conversion process. Determination of the pyrolysis kinetic parameters are important In order to suitable equipment and process design. In this target, in the study the pyrolysis of peanut shells was conducted in a muffle furnace at static atmosphere with temperatures ranging from 300-700 °C. The effects of various parameters on the rate of thermal decomposition rate and the solid yield were determined. The parameters of interest were temperature 300-700 °C, particle size 4-50 mesh, pelletizing, and pelletizing pressure 1.103-5.103 kgf/cm2. Regression coefficients for the total decomposition step were obtained using the thermographs were obtained as a result of the pyrolysis of the peanut shells, and 20 different theoretical model equations that represented the degradation by the Coast-Redfern method. According to regression coefficients of the theoretical model equations, we determined the kinetic model that best represented the degradation. Using this model to represent the degradation, the activation energy (Ea) and Arhenius frequency factor ln(A) for the total reaction were calculated to be 38.245 kJ/mol and 8.124, respectively.

Kaynakça

  • Demirbas A. “Turkey’s Renewable Energy Facilities in the Near Future”. Energy Sources, Part A, 28(6), 527-536, 2006a.
  • Demirbas A. “Importance of Biomass Energy Sources for Turkey”. Energy Policy, 36(2), 834-842, 2008.
  • Kadiroğlu A. “Yerfıstığı Yetiştiriciliği”. http:// www.batem.gov.tr/yayinlar/kitapciklar/tarla/fistik/yerf istigi.pdf (23.05.2014).
  • Bilir M. Yer Fıstığı Kabuğundan Üretilen Poliüretan Tipi Köpük ile Safranin ve Remazol Brillant Blue R’nin Adsorpsiyonunun İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, Kilis, Türkiye, 2009.
  • McKendry P. “Energy Production from Biomass (Part I): Overview of Biomass”. Bioresource Technology, 83(1), 37-46, 2002.
  • Bridgwater AV. “Renewable Fuels and Chemicals by Thermal Processing of Biomass”. Chemical Engineering Journal, 91(2-3), 87-102, 2003.
  • Goyal HB, Seal D, Saxena RC. “Biofuels from Thermochemical Conversion of Renewable Resources: A Review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12(2), 504-517, 2008.
  • Pütün AE, Apaydın E, Pütün E. “Bio-Oil Production from Pyrolysis and Steam Pyrolysis of Soybean-Cake: Product Yields and Composition”. Energy, 27(7), 703-713, 2002.
  • Pütün AE, Özbay N, Önal E, Pütün E. “Fixed-Bed Pyrolysis of Cotton Stalk for Liquid and Solid Products”. Fuel Processing Technology, 86(11), 1207-1219, 2005.
  • Demirbas A. “Effects of Temperature and Particle Size on Bio-Char Yield from Pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 72(2), 243-248, 2004.
  • Ates F. Erupharbia Rigida’nın Sabit Yatak Reaktörde Katalitik Pirolizi. Doktora Tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 2001.
  • Koçkar ÖM, Onay Ö, Pütün AE, Pütün E. “Fixed-Bed Pyrolysis of Hazelnut Shell: A Study on Mass Transfer Limitations on Product Yields and Characterization of the Pyrolysis Oil”. Energy Sources, 22(10), 913-924, 2000.
  • Taşar Ş. Mobilya Fabrikası Atık Tozunun Pirolizi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ, Türkiye, 2011.
  • Özçimen D. Çeşitli Bitkisel Atıkların Karbonizasyon Yoluyla Değerlendirilmesi. Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2007.
  • Kop F, Tasar S, Yılgın M, Duranay N. “Fındık Kabuğunun Pelet Halinde Ani Pirolizi”. 9. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye, 22-25 Haziran 2010.
  • Zhongyang L, Shurong W, Kefa C. “A model of Wood Flash Pyrolysis in Fludzied Bed Reactor”. Renewable Energy, 30(3), 377-392, 2005.
  • Sinha S, Jhalani A, Ravi MR, Ray A. “Modeling of Pyrolysis in Wood: A Review”. Solar Energy Society of India, 10(1), 41-62, 2000.
  • Di Blasi, C. “Modelling Chemical and Physical Processes of Wood and Biomass Pyrolysis”. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34(1), 47-90, 2008.
  • Brown ME. Introduction to Thermal Analysis, Techniques and Application. 2nd ed. Dordrecht, Netherlands, Springer, 2004.
  • Tiftik BE. Çay Fabrikası Atığının Pirolizi ve Piroliz Ürünlerinin İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye, 2006.
  • Orfao JJM, Martins FG. “Kinetic Analysis of Thermogravimetric Data Obtained Under Linear Temperature Programming, a Method Based on Calculations of the Temperature Integral by Interpolations”. Thermochimica Acta, 390(1-2), 195-211, 2002.
  • Jeguirim M, Trouvé G. “Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Arundo Donax Using Thermogravimetric Analysis”. Bioresource Technology, 100(17), 4026-4031, 2009.
  • Shen DK, Gu S, Luo KH, Bridgwater AV, Fang MX. “Kinetic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Woods in Oxidative Environment”. Fuel, 88(6), 1024-1030, 2009.
  • Ledakowıcz S, Stolarek P. “Kinetics of Biomass Thermal Decomposition”. Chemical Papers, 56(6), 378-381, 2002.
  • Li SS, Xu Shuqin L, Chen Y, Qinghua L. “Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in Free-Fall Reactor for Hydrogen-Rich Gas”. Fuel Processing Technology, 85(8-10), 1201-1211, 2004.
  • Bonelli PR, Della Rocca PA, Cerella EG, Cukierman AL. “Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Composition, Surface Properties and Thermal Degradation Rates of Brazil nut Shells”. Bioresource Technology, 76(1), 15-22, 2001.
  • Varol EA. Farklı Biyokütlelere Değişik Isıl İşlemler Uygulanması ve Elde Edilen Ürün Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 2007.
  • Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Baliga VL, Martoglio-Smith PA, and Hajaligol MR. “Characterization of Char from the Pyrolysis of Tobacco”. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 50(4), 771-783, 2002.
  • Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Baliga VL, Lin X, Chan WG, Hajaligol MR. “Characterization of Chars From Pyrolysis of Lignin”. Fuel, 83(11-12), 1469–1482, 2004.
  • Li Z, Tang X, Chen Y, Wei L, Wang Y. “Activation of Firmiana Simplex Leaf and Enhanced Pb(II) Adsorption performance: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies”. Journal of Hazardous Meterials, 169(1-3), 386-394, 2009.
  • Shi J, Li J. “Metabolites and Chemical Group Changes in the Wood Forming Tissue of Pinus Koraiensis under Inclined Condition”. BioResources, 7(3) 3463-3475, 2012.
  • Encinar JM, Bertan FJ, Ramira A, Gonzalez JF. “Pyrolysis/Gasification of Agricultural Residues by Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of Different Additives: Influence of Variables”. Fuel Processing Technology, 55(3), 219-233, 1998.
  • Wang C, Du Z, Pa J, Li J, Yang Z. “Direct Conversion of Biomass to Bio-Petroleum at Low Temperature”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78(2), 438-444, 2007.
  • Bridgwater AV, Toft AJ, Brammer JG. “A Techno-Economic Comparison of Power Production by Biomass Fast Pyrolysis with Gasification and Combustion”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 6(3), 181-248, 2002.
  • Taşar Ş, Duranay N, Yılgın M. “Mobilya Fabrikası Atık Tozunun İzotermal Olmayan Şartlarda Gerçekleştirilen Pirolizinin Kinetik Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi,23(2), 139-148, 2011.
  • Yorulmaz YS, Atimtal TA. “Investigation of Combustion Kinetics of Treated and Untreated waste Wood Samples with Thermogravimetric Analysis”. Fuel Processing Technology, 90(7-8), 939-946, 2009.
  • Aboulkas A, El Harfi K, El Bouadili A. “Thermal Degradation Behaviors of Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Part I: Pyrolysis Kinetics and Mechanisms”. Energy Conversion and Management, 51(7), 1363-1369, 2010.
  • Nunez L, Fraga F, Nunez MR, Villanueva M. “Thermogravimetric Study of the Decomposition Process of the System BADGE (n=0)/1,2 DCH”. Polymer, 41(12), 4635-4641, 2000.
  • Doraiswamy LK, Sharma MM. Heterogeneous Reactions: Analysis. Editors: Doraiswamy LK, Sharma MM. Examples and Reactor Design Volume 1: Gas-Solid and Solid-Solid Reactions, New York, USA, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
  • Morales GV, Capretto ME, Mercado Fuentes L, Quiroga OD. “Dissolution Kinetics of Hydroboracite in Water Saturated with Carbon Dioxide”. Hydrometallurgy, 58(2), 127-133, 2000.

Yerfıstığı Kabuğunun Farklı İzotermal Şartlarda Pirolizi ve Kinetik Parametrelerin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 7, 306 - 313, 02.01.2016

Öz

Biyokütle kaynaklarından enerji ve kimya endüstrisi için gerekli hammaddeleri üretmek amacı ile uygulanan piroliz işlemi, bir termal dönüşüm sürecidir. Piroliz kinetiğinin belirlenmesi, piroliz süreci için uygun ekipman ve süreç tasarımının yapılabilmesi amacı ile önem arz etmektedir. Bu hedefle, bu çalışmada yer fıstığı kabuğunun piroliz çalışması 300-700 °C sıcaklık aralığında statik atmosfer altında kül fırınında gerçekleştirildi. Çeşitli parametrelerin termal bozunma hızı ve katı ürün verimi üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Etkisi incelenen parametreler sıcaklık 300-700 °C, partikül boyutu 4-50 mesh, peletleme ve peletleme basıncı 1.103-5.103 kgf/cm2’dir. Yerfıstığı kabuğunun pirolizi sonucu elde edilen termogramlar ve bozunmayı temsil eden yirmi farklı teorik model eşitlik dikkate alınarak, Coast-Redfern yöntemi ile toplam bozunma basamağı için regresyon katsayıları belirlendi. Teorik model eşitliklerinin regresyon katsayılarına göre, bozunmayı en iyi temsil eden kinetik modeller tespit edildi. Bozunmayı en iyi temsil eden model eşitlikler kullanılarak global reaksiyon için, aktivasyon enerjisi (Ea) ve Arrhenius Frekans Faktörü ln(A) sırasıyla 38.245 kJ/mol ve 8.124 olarak hesaplandı.

Kaynakça

  • Demirbas A. “Turkey’s Renewable Energy Facilities in the Near Future”. Energy Sources, Part A, 28(6), 527-536, 2006a.
  • Demirbas A. “Importance of Biomass Energy Sources for Turkey”. Energy Policy, 36(2), 834-842, 2008.
  • Kadiroğlu A. “Yerfıstığı Yetiştiriciliği”. http:// www.batem.gov.tr/yayinlar/kitapciklar/tarla/fistik/yerf istigi.pdf (23.05.2014).
  • Bilir M. Yer Fıstığı Kabuğundan Üretilen Poliüretan Tipi Köpük ile Safranin ve Remazol Brillant Blue R’nin Adsorpsiyonunun İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, Kilis, Türkiye, 2009.
  • McKendry P. “Energy Production from Biomass (Part I): Overview of Biomass”. Bioresource Technology, 83(1), 37-46, 2002.
  • Bridgwater AV. “Renewable Fuels and Chemicals by Thermal Processing of Biomass”. Chemical Engineering Journal, 91(2-3), 87-102, 2003.
  • Goyal HB, Seal D, Saxena RC. “Biofuels from Thermochemical Conversion of Renewable Resources: A Review”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12(2), 504-517, 2008.
  • Pütün AE, Apaydın E, Pütün E. “Bio-Oil Production from Pyrolysis and Steam Pyrolysis of Soybean-Cake: Product Yields and Composition”. Energy, 27(7), 703-713, 2002.
  • Pütün AE, Özbay N, Önal E, Pütün E. “Fixed-Bed Pyrolysis of Cotton Stalk for Liquid and Solid Products”. Fuel Processing Technology, 86(11), 1207-1219, 2005.
  • Demirbas A. “Effects of Temperature and Particle Size on Bio-Char Yield from Pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 72(2), 243-248, 2004.
  • Ates F. Erupharbia Rigida’nın Sabit Yatak Reaktörde Katalitik Pirolizi. Doktora Tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 2001.
  • Koçkar ÖM, Onay Ö, Pütün AE, Pütün E. “Fixed-Bed Pyrolysis of Hazelnut Shell: A Study on Mass Transfer Limitations on Product Yields and Characterization of the Pyrolysis Oil”. Energy Sources, 22(10), 913-924, 2000.
  • Taşar Ş. Mobilya Fabrikası Atık Tozunun Pirolizi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ, Türkiye, 2011.
  • Özçimen D. Çeşitli Bitkisel Atıkların Karbonizasyon Yoluyla Değerlendirilmesi. Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2007.
  • Kop F, Tasar S, Yılgın M, Duranay N. “Fındık Kabuğunun Pelet Halinde Ani Pirolizi”. 9. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye, 22-25 Haziran 2010.
  • Zhongyang L, Shurong W, Kefa C. “A model of Wood Flash Pyrolysis in Fludzied Bed Reactor”. Renewable Energy, 30(3), 377-392, 2005.
  • Sinha S, Jhalani A, Ravi MR, Ray A. “Modeling of Pyrolysis in Wood: A Review”. Solar Energy Society of India, 10(1), 41-62, 2000.
  • Di Blasi, C. “Modelling Chemical and Physical Processes of Wood and Biomass Pyrolysis”. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34(1), 47-90, 2008.
  • Brown ME. Introduction to Thermal Analysis, Techniques and Application. 2nd ed. Dordrecht, Netherlands, Springer, 2004.
  • Tiftik BE. Çay Fabrikası Atığının Pirolizi ve Piroliz Ürünlerinin İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye, 2006.
  • Orfao JJM, Martins FG. “Kinetic Analysis of Thermogravimetric Data Obtained Under Linear Temperature Programming, a Method Based on Calculations of the Temperature Integral by Interpolations”. Thermochimica Acta, 390(1-2), 195-211, 2002.
  • Jeguirim M, Trouvé G. “Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Arundo Donax Using Thermogravimetric Analysis”. Bioresource Technology, 100(17), 4026-4031, 2009.
  • Shen DK, Gu S, Luo KH, Bridgwater AV, Fang MX. “Kinetic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Woods in Oxidative Environment”. Fuel, 88(6), 1024-1030, 2009.
  • Ledakowıcz S, Stolarek P. “Kinetics of Biomass Thermal Decomposition”. Chemical Papers, 56(6), 378-381, 2002.
  • Li SS, Xu Shuqin L, Chen Y, Qinghua L. “Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass in Free-Fall Reactor for Hydrogen-Rich Gas”. Fuel Processing Technology, 85(8-10), 1201-1211, 2004.
  • Bonelli PR, Della Rocca PA, Cerella EG, Cukierman AL. “Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Composition, Surface Properties and Thermal Degradation Rates of Brazil nut Shells”. Bioresource Technology, 76(1), 15-22, 2001.
  • Varol EA. Farklı Biyokütlelere Değişik Isıl İşlemler Uygulanması ve Elde Edilen Ürün Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 2007.
  • Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Baliga VL, Martoglio-Smith PA, and Hajaligol MR. “Characterization of Char from the Pyrolysis of Tobacco”. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 50(4), 771-783, 2002.
  • Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Baliga VL, Lin X, Chan WG, Hajaligol MR. “Characterization of Chars From Pyrolysis of Lignin”. Fuel, 83(11-12), 1469–1482, 2004.
  • Li Z, Tang X, Chen Y, Wei L, Wang Y. “Activation of Firmiana Simplex Leaf and Enhanced Pb(II) Adsorption performance: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies”. Journal of Hazardous Meterials, 169(1-3), 386-394, 2009.
  • Shi J, Li J. “Metabolites and Chemical Group Changes in the Wood Forming Tissue of Pinus Koraiensis under Inclined Condition”. BioResources, 7(3) 3463-3475, 2012.
  • Encinar JM, Bertan FJ, Ramira A, Gonzalez JF. “Pyrolysis/Gasification of Agricultural Residues by Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of Different Additives: Influence of Variables”. Fuel Processing Technology, 55(3), 219-233, 1998.
  • Wang C, Du Z, Pa J, Li J, Yang Z. “Direct Conversion of Biomass to Bio-Petroleum at Low Temperature”. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 78(2), 438-444, 2007.
  • Bridgwater AV, Toft AJ, Brammer JG. “A Techno-Economic Comparison of Power Production by Biomass Fast Pyrolysis with Gasification and Combustion”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 6(3), 181-248, 2002.
  • Taşar Ş, Duranay N, Yılgın M. “Mobilya Fabrikası Atık Tozunun İzotermal Olmayan Şartlarda Gerçekleştirilen Pirolizinin Kinetik Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi,23(2), 139-148, 2011.
  • Yorulmaz YS, Atimtal TA. “Investigation of Combustion Kinetics of Treated and Untreated waste Wood Samples with Thermogravimetric Analysis”. Fuel Processing Technology, 90(7-8), 939-946, 2009.
  • Aboulkas A, El Harfi K, El Bouadili A. “Thermal Degradation Behaviors of Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Part I: Pyrolysis Kinetics and Mechanisms”. Energy Conversion and Management, 51(7), 1363-1369, 2010.
  • Nunez L, Fraga F, Nunez MR, Villanueva M. “Thermogravimetric Study of the Decomposition Process of the System BADGE (n=0)/1,2 DCH”. Polymer, 41(12), 4635-4641, 2000.
  • Doraiswamy LK, Sharma MM. Heterogeneous Reactions: Analysis. Editors: Doraiswamy LK, Sharma MM. Examples and Reactor Design Volume 1: Gas-Solid and Solid-Solid Reactions, New York, USA, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
  • Morales GV, Capretto ME, Mercado Fuentes L, Quiroga OD. “Dissolution Kinetics of Hydroboracite in Water Saturated with Carbon Dioxide”. Hydrometallurgy, 58(2), 127-133, 2000.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makale
Yazarlar

Şeyda Taşar

Fatih Kaya

Ahmet Özer

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Ocak 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 7

Kaynak Göster

APA Taşar, Ş., Kaya, F., & Özer, A. (2016). A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(7), 306-313.
AMA Taşar Ş, Kaya F, Özer A. A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Ocak 2016;21(7):306-313.
Chicago Taşar, Şeyda, Fatih Kaya, ve Ahmet Özer. “A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21, sy. 7 (Ocak 2016): 306-13.
EndNote Taşar Ş, Kaya F, Özer A (01 Ocak 2016) A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21 7 306–313.
IEEE Ş. Taşar, F. Kaya, ve A. Özer, “A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 7, ss. 306–313, 2016.
ISNAD Taşar, Şeyda vd. “A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 21/7 (Ocak 2016), 306-313.
JAMA Taşar Ş, Kaya F, Özer A. A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;21:306–313.
MLA Taşar, Şeyda vd. “A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 21, sy. 7, 2016, ss. 306-13.
Vancouver Taşar Ş, Kaya F, Özer A. A Study on the Pyrolysis of Peanut Shells at Different Isothermal Conditions and Determination of the Kinetic Parameters. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;21(7):306-13.





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